Tag: Wang Wei

辛夷坞[1]

木末芙蓉花[2]，

山中发红萼[3]。

涧户[4]寂无人，

纷纷开且落。

辛夷花的花苞结在每一根枝条的最末端，形如毛笔，所以诗歌用了“木末”二字来形容。辛夷含苞待放时，很像荷花箭，花瓣和颜色也近似之，因而称为“芙蓉”。春来到人间，辛夷欣欣然地绽开神秘的蓓蕾，是那样灿烂，好似云蒸霞蔚。而有花开就有花落，这山中的红萼，点缀着寂寞的涧户，最后又纷纷扬扬地向人间撒下片片落英。这首五绝，在描绘了辛夷花给静寂的山涧带来美好、繁华的同时，又写出了人间的一种落寞。

注释：

[1]坞：中央低四周高的谷地。

[2]芙蓉花：因辛夷花颜色与形态与莲花相近，莲花又名芙蓉，而辛夷花开在树梢，故以“木末芙蓉花”借指。木末：树梢。

[3]萼（è）：花萼，花开时托着花瓣的部分。

[4]涧户：涧口，山溪口。

The Magnolia Dale

The magnolia-tipped trees

In mountains burst in flowers.

The mute brook-side house sees

Them blow and fall in showers.

《辛夷坞》是唐代诗人王维《辋川集》诗二十首之第十八首。全诗短短四句，在描绘了辛夷花的美好形象的同时，又写出了一种落寞的景况和环境。此诗由花开写到花落，而以一句环境描写插入其中，一前后境况迥异，由秀发转为零落。尽管画面上似乎不着痕迹，却能让人体会到一种对时代环境的寂寞感。

“The Magnolia Dale” is the eighteenth of twenty poems in “Rim River Collection” by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem, in four short lines, depicts the beautiful image of Xin Yi Dock, while at the same time writing about a desolate scene and environment. The poem is written from the blossoming to the falling of the flowers, and a description of the environment is inserted into the poem, so that the situation is very different before and after the blossoms, and the blossoms turn to fall. Although the picture seems to be untraceable, it allows one to experience a sense of loneliness for the environment of the times.

漆园

古人[1]非傲吏，

自阙[2]经世务[3]。

偶寄[4]一微官，

婆娑数株树。

漆园亦是辋川二十景之一，不过本诗着眼于与漆园有关的典故而非景物。《史记》载，庄子曾为漆园吏，楚威王遣使聘他为相，庄子却说：“子亟去，无污我！”因为庄子啸傲王侯的故事，郭璞在《游仙诗》中称庄子为“漆园有傲吏”。王维反其意而用之，借古人自喻，表明自己隐居而绝无傲世之意，做个漆园吏，正好可借漆园隐逸，以“婆娑数株树”为伴，从而表明诗人隐逸恬退的生活情趣和自甘淡泊的人生态度。

注释：

[1]古人：这里指庄子。

[2]阙（quē）：欠缺。

[3]经世务：经国济世的能力。

[4]寄：寄身于。

A Petty Officer

A petty officer could not be proud,

He cannot do important jobs with ease.

Rendering service like a floating cloud,

He brings fresh showers for the thirsting trees.

《漆园》是唐代诗人王维所作的一首五言绝句。 前两句借庄子典故以自喻，表白自己的隐居，也决无傲世之意。末两句含蓄地透露人生态度：言树“婆娑”，是以树喻人；言人“婆娑”，是以树伴人。此诗看似评论庄子，其实是诗人借庄子自喻。诗人在辋川过着半官半隐的生活，他双追求辟世辞喧、恬淡隐逸的生活情趣，那“偶寄一微官，婆娑数株树”的处世态度，正是诗人心理的写照。此诗用典贴切，蕴藉有致，彼有特色，且与诗人的思想感情、环境经历融为一体，以致分不清是咏古人还是写自己，深蕴哲理，耐人寻味。

“A Petty Officer” is a five-line poem written by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The first two lines draw on Zhuangzi’s allusions to himself, expressing his own seclusion, and in no way his intention to be proud of the world. The last two stanzas implicitly reveal his attitude towards life: the tree is “hovering” as a metaphor for man; the man is “hovering” as a companion to the tree. This poem seems to be a commentary on Zhuangzi, but in fact the poet is using Zhuangzi as a metaphor for himself. The poet is living a half-official, half-hidden life in Rim River, and he is pursuing a quiet and secluded life, which is a reflection of the poet’s psychological attitude of “occasionally sending a small official, hovering over several trees”. The poem is characterized by its apt use of allusions, its implication, and its integration with the poet’s thoughts and feelings and his environmental experiences, so that it is not clear whether the poet is singing about the ancients or writing about himself, which is deeply philosophical and intriguing.

鸟鸣涧

人闲[1]桂花落，

夜静春山空。

月出惊山鸟，

时[2]鸣春涧中。

王维的山水诗，偏好于创造静谧的意境，而静谧体现在这首诗中却是“花落”“月出”“鸟鸣”这些动态的景物描写。这样的描述既使诗显得富有生机而不枯寂，同时又更加突出了春涧的幽静，这正是“鸟鸣山更幽”所蕴含的艺术辩证法的体现。在这春山中，万籁都陶醉在夜的色调与宁静中了，当月亮升起，给这夜幕笼罩的空谷带来皎洁银辉的时候，竟使山鸟惊觉起来。但可以想象，明亮的月光，却给幽谷夜的宁静带来了新的境界与意味。

注释：

[1]闲：安静，闲适。

[2]时：偶尔。

The Dale of Singing Birds

Sweet laurel blooms fall unenjoyed;

Vague hills dissolve into night void.

The moonrise startles birds to sing;

Their twitter fills the dale with spring.

《鸟鸣涧》是唐代诗人王维的诗作。此诗描绘春夜空山幽静而美丽的景色，侧重于表现夜间春山的宁静幽美。全诗紧扣“静”字着笔，极似一幅风景写生画。诗人用花落、月出、鸟鸣等活动着的景物，突出地显示了月夜春山的幽静，取得了以动衬静的艺术效果，生动地勾勒出一幅“鸟鸣山更幽”的诗情画意图。全诗旨在写静，却以动景处理，这种反衬的手法极见诗人的禅心与禅趣。

“The Dale of Singing Birds” is a poem by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This poem depicts the quiet and beautiful scenery of the mountains in the spring night, focusing on the tranquil and secluded beauty of the spring mountains at night. The poem is written with the word “quiet” in mind, and is very much like a sketch of a landscape. The poet uses flowers falling, moonrise and birdsong to highlight the quietness of the spring mountains at night, achieving the artistic effect of setting off the stillness with movement and vividly outlining a poetic picture of “birdsong and mountains are more secluded”. The poem aims to write about the stillness, but deals with it with a moving scene, and this contrasting technique shows the poet’s Zen mind and Zen interest.

息夫人

莫以今时宠，

能忘旧日恩。

看花[1]满眼泪，

不共[2]楚王言。

息夫人本是春秋时息国君主之妻，后为楚王所掳。她虽在楚生了两个孩子，但始终没有和楚王说过一句话。诗的前两句拟息夫人口吻：不要以为你今天的宠爱，就能使我忘掉旧日的恩情。突出了旧恩的珍贵难忘，显示了淫威和富贵并不能征服弱者的心灵，而所谓的新宠实际上是一种侮辱。诗的后两句则是说息夫人在富丽华美的楚宫里，看着本来使人愉悦的花朵，却是满眼泪水，对在她身边的楚王始终不共一言。这沉默越发彰显了息夫人蓄积在心底的对楚王的灭国毁家之恨。诗人塑造了一个身受屈辱，但在沉默中反抗的妇女形象。

注释：

[1]看花：此处代指富裕的享乐生活。

[2]共：与，和。

A Captive Lady

Think not the royal favor of these years

Could efface her love for the vanquished king.

The sight of flowers fills her eyes with tears,

She won’t tell the conqueror anything.

《息夫人》是唐代诗人王维所作的一首五绝。 此诗巧妙而恰切地以息夫人的史事设喻，来描写卖饼人的妻子不忘旧爱。前两句写女子不慕眼前的宠幸，怀恋贫贱之交。以“莫以”、“难忘”构成一个否定的条件句，反衬出息夫人和息国君主旧日的恩情很深，显示了淫威和富贵并不能征服弱小者的心。后两句写被人夺志的哀怨，花虽美而泪眼相对，对在她身边的楚王却一言不发，进一步写出女子不为荣华富贵所迷惑的志向。前两句隐去叙述，突出情理，后两句描绘形象，寓情其中。短短二十个字，句句叙事，却句句都是情语，表达委婉含蓄，而又情理俱到。既吟咏了史事，又讽喻了现实，塑造了一个受着屈辱而在沉默反抗的妇女形象，又概括了类似这样一些由统治阶级的荒淫无耻而造成的社会悲剧。

“A Captive Lady” is a poem written by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem cleverly and aptly uses the historical incident of Lady Xi as a metaphor to depict the wife of a biscuit seller who never forgets her old love. The first two lines are about a woman who does not admire her immediate favor and misses her poor friend. The first two lines are about the woman’s love for the poor and the poor. The last two lines are about the sorrow of being taken away from her. Although the flower is beautiful and her eyes are in tears, she does not say a word to the king of Chu who is beside her, further writing about the woman’s ambition not to be confused by glory and wealth. The first two lines conceal the narrative and highlight the sentiment, while the second two lines depict the image and imply emotion. In just twenty words, each sentence is a narrative, but each sentence is a love story, and the expression is subtle and subtle, while the sentiment and reasoning are at the same time. It is not only a recitation of historical events, but also a satire of reality, creating an image of a woman who is humiliated but silently resists, and summarizing some social tragedies like these caused by the shamelessness of the ruling class.

孟城坳[1]

新家[2]孟城口，

古木余衰柳。

来者[3]复为谁？

空悲昔人有。

此诗是《辋川集》里的第一首。诗人新近搬到孟城口，孟城口本是初唐诗人宋之问的别墅，而如今可叹的是那里只有疏落的古木和枯萎的柳树，呈现出一片衰败凋零的景象。此时，正值李林甫擅权，张九龄罢相，王维隐退辋川。当他看到这一衰败景象时，无法抑制忧闷的心情：如今我为“昔人”而悲，以后的“来者”是否又会为我而悲呢？

注释：

[1]坳（ào）：有低洼的地方。

[2]家：住到。

[3]来者：以后来的人。

The City Gate

I’ve moved in near the city gate

Where withered willow trees are left.

Should another move here too late,

Alas!Of trees he’d be bereft.

《孟城坳》是唐代诗人王维创作的一首五言绝句。此诗前两句交代了诗人自己新近搬到了孟城口居住之事，以及那里的衰败景象；后两句表达了诗人的无限感慨，使人由现在之衰景联想到昔日古树参天、杨柳依依掩映着精雅山间别墅的盛景。全诗精练含蓄、耐人寻味，构思深邃，笔墨精简曲折。

“The City Gate” is a five-line poem written by Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The first two lines of the poem give an account of the poet’s recent move to Mengchengkou and the decaying scene there; the second two lines express the poet’s infinite emotion, reminding people of the old days when the ancient trees and willows covered the elegant mountain villas. The poem is concise, subtle and intriguing, with a profound idea and a concise and twisted writing.