离扬州
[元]范梈
孤蓬如磨[1]绕汀沙，
叶满平湖藕未花[2]。
回首竹西亭渐远，
一江烟雨酒旗斜。
注释：
[1]磨：粉碎粮食的工具，通常由两个圆石盘做成。
[2]花：这里用作动词，开花。
Leaving Yang Zhou
Fan Heng
My lonely sail is passing round the sandy bar;
The lake is green with lotus leaves without pink blooms.
I turn my head to find the west Pavilion far;
On mist-and-rain-veiled stream a wine-shop streamer looms.
这首元代诗人范梈的《离扬州》描绘了一幅江南水乡的离别画面。首句“孤篷如磨绕汀沙”，以孤舟在沙洲上缓缓移动，比喻船行之慢，如同磨盘在沙滩上转动，形象生动地展现了诗人离开扬州时的孤独与离愁。次句“叶满平湖藕未花”进一步渲染了环境，满湖的荷叶尚未开花，暗示季节尚早，也寓含了诗人对扬州美景的留恋。
第三句“回首竹西亭渐远”，通过“回首”动作，表达了诗人对身后的扬州竹西亭的依依不舍，亭子渐行渐远，象征着与故地的渐行渐疏。最后一句“一江烟雨酒旗斜”，以“一江烟雨”营造出迷茫而迷离的氛围，酒旗斜挂，更增添了离别的凄凉和无奈，同时也暗含了诗人借酒消愁的情怀。
整体来看，这首诗以细腻的笔触描绘了离别扬州时的场景，情感深沉，情景交融，具有浓厚的江南水乡特色和离别诗的韵味。
This poem “Leaving Yangzhou” by Yuan Dynasty poet Fan Qie depicts a parting scene in the Jiangnan water town. The first sentence “The solitary sail is like a millstone turning on the sandbank” uses the solitary boat moving slowly on the sandbar to compare the slowness of the boat, like a millstone turning on the beach, vividly showing the poet’s loneliness and sorrow when he left Yangzhou. The second sentence “The leaves are full of lotus leaves in the lake, but the lotus has not bloomed yet” further exaggerates the environment. The lotus leaves in the lake have not bloomed yet, suggesting that the season is still early, and also implies the poet’s nostalgia for the beautiful scenery of Yangzhou.
The third sentence “Looking back, the Zhuxi Pavilion is getting farther away” expresses the poet’s reluctance to leave the Zhuxi Pavilion in Yangzhou behind him through the action of “looking back”. The pavilion is getting farther and farther away, symbolizing the gradual estrangement from the old place. The last sentence “A river of mist and rain, the wine flag is tilted” creates a confused and blurred atmosphere with “a river of mist and rain”, and the wine flag is hung tilted, which adds to the desolation and helplessness of parting, and also implies the poet’s sentiment of drinking to relieve his sorrow.
On the whole, this poem depicts the scene of parting from Yangzhou with delicate brushstrokes. It is full of deep emotions and a fusion of scene and emotion. It has a strong Jiangnan water town characteristic and the charm of a parting poem.
