己亥杂诗
（三一五其五）
[清]龚自珍
浩荡[1]离愁[2]白日[3]斜，
吟鞭[4]东指即天涯。
落红[5]不是无情物，
化作春泥更护花。
注释：
[1]浩荡：广大无边，这里形容愁思无穷无尽。
[2]离愁：离别的愁思。
[3]白日：太阳。
[4]吟鞭：诗人的马鞭。
[5]落红：落花。花朵以红色者居多。因此又称落花为落红。这二句用来比喻自己虽辞官，但仍会关心国家的命运。
Miscellanies of the Year 1839 (V)
Gong Zizhen[1]
My parting grief is boundless when the sun sinks low;
Eastward I point my whip and far away I’ll go.
The fallen blossoms are not an unfeeling thing;
Though turned to mud, they’d nurture flowers’
growth next spring.
注释：
[1]The poet left the court when his proffered service to Commissioner Lin Zexu was rejected.
己亥杂诗
（三一五其一二五）
[清]龚自珍
九州[1]生气[2]恃[3]风雷，
万马齐喑[4]究[5]可哀。
我劝天公[6]重抖擞[7]，
不拘一格降[8]人才。
注释：
[1]九州：中国。
[2]生气：生气勃勃的局面。
[3]恃：依靠。
[4]喑：哑。万马齐喑，比喻社会政局毫无生气。
[5]究：终究，毕竟。
[6]天公：明指天上主宰一切的玉皇大帝，暗指人间至高无上的皇帝。
[7]抖擞：振作精神。
[8]降：降生。
Miscellanies of the Year 1839 (CXXV)
Gong Zizhen
From wind and thunder comes a nation’s vital force,
What a great pity not to hear a neighing horse!
I urge the Lord of Heaven[1] to brace up again,
And send down talents of all kinds to Central Plain.[2]
注释：
[1]This stanza was a prayer written for a Taoist temple; by the Lord of Heaven the poet alluded to the emperor.
[2]Another version of the last couplet reads as follows: O Lord of Heaven, please brace up as I beseech And send down talents to earth with freedom of speech.
“Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai” is a collection of seven-character quatrains by the Qing Dynasty writer Gong Zizhen, with a total of 315 poems. It was created by Gong Zizhen during the half year from the 23rd day of the fourth lunar month of the year of Hai to the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month when he left the capital to the Yucheng Villa.
“Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai” is rich in content, profound in thought, and diverse in artistic techniques. It has an important position in the history of the development of modern Chinese poetry. In this group of poems, in addition to widely reflecting Gong’s family background, life, official career and other situations and experiences, it also deeply reflects the reality of the decline and decay of the Qing Dynasty by expressing his feelings and exposing, criticizing and mocking, and develops the function of seven-character quatrains to discuss current affairs and intervene in reality.
“Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai” is a complete, internally connected, and rare large-scale group of poems in history. It is of great significance in the history of poetry in the Qing Dynasty and has an important influence on the history of modern Chinese literature. The profound ideological content reflected and the height achieved in aesthetics have always been widely praised by people.
“Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai·No. 5” was selected into the second volume of the Chinese textbook for seventh graders for compulsory education (six-three school system) published by the People’s Education Press. It is one of the five ancient poems in the 21st lesson of the fifth unit.
