秣陵[1]怀古
[清]纳兰性德
山色江声共寂寥，
十三陵[2]树晚萧萧。
中原事业[3]如江左[4]，
芳草何须怨六朝？
注释：
[1]秣陵：江宁，今南京。
[2]十三陵：明朝十三个皇帝的陵墓，在北京昌平。
[3]中原事业：指明朝后期在北京的所作所为。
[4]江左：指像偏安江南的六朝君主一样昏庸腐败。
On the Capital of Yore[1]
Nalan Xingde
Both mountain hue and river song are sad and drear;
Showers of leaves on Thirteen Tombs ruffle the ear.
The Northern kings sought pleasure on the Southern shore;
The bygone dynasties need no grass to deplore.
注释：
[1]Nanjing was the capital of the Six Dynasties (211—280; 317—589) and of the early Ming Dynasty, whose thirteen emperors were buried in the Thirteen Tombs and whose last emperor sought pleasure on the Southern shore and was overthrown.
“Reminiscence of the Past in Moling” is a seven-character quatrain written by Nalan Xingde, a poet in the Qing Dynasty. The poet starts with the scene of late autumn, describing the lonely mountains and water sounds in front of him. Then, from a broad perspective, he describes the rustling trees in the Ming Tombs far away in Beijing, and a sense of the vicissitudes of history arises spontaneously. Then the poet changes his pen, standing at the height of history, and entrusts the historical development law of the rise and fall of dynasties to the specific images of mountains, rivers, fragrant grass and trees. The whole poem complements the real and the imaginary, spanning time and space, and the argument is incisive and new, which is unique.
