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Xia Yan’s Essay: No Title – 夏衍《无题》
无题 ◎ 夏衍 静下来想想(1),我这样一个出身贫寒,经历坎坷的人,居然能活到92岁,实在有点奇怪。 过了80岁,经常有人问我,有什么养生之道。我不仅不懂得养生(2),而且还有一些不好的习惯。 我性急图快,走路快,下笔快,吃饭更快,简直是狼吞虎咽(3),因此,得了胃病、十二指肠溃疡。医生治好了我的病,但没有治好我的习惯。 我偏食。“史无前例”的那十年之前(4),我不吃瓜,很少吃蔬菜和水果。70年代进了秦城监狱,天天窝窝头,顿顿萝卜白菜,这样才勉强改造过来,但一旦出狱,依旧我行我素(5),少吃菜果如故。 我不喝酒(6),但从30岁那年开始抽烟,先是偶尔为之,后来上了瘾。在文化部工作那十年,每天两包(40支),连手指也熏黄了,到晚上唇干舌燥,也毫无戒意。当然,这中间也有曲折,进秦城之后,被强制戒了,但回家后,第一件事就是向家人要烟。为了检验自己的意志力,主动戒了几个月,没有事,又抽上了。有人在报刊上写文章讲吸烟有害,我认为,这是危言耸听,有逆反心理。歪道理的理由是,我烟龄几十年还活到这把年纪。奇怪的是,两年前的一个早上,点上第一支烟,觉得不是滋味(7),掐灭了,从此,不戒自戒。在我的吸烟史上画了一个句号(8)。 话说回来,一个人的健康,要从生理、心理、适应能力这三方面来决定。我能活到现在,大概是总结了过去几十年的经验教训,卸下了思想包袱,不生气、不悲观。我这个人还有一个好处,就是求知欲强,趣味广泛。上至天下大事,小至草木鱼虫,我都有兴趣爱好。我养过鸟,养过狗,现在还养猫;集邮、搜集书画我都着过迷;看电视、听广播,除新闻之外,主要是看球,特别是足球。意大利甲级联赛的录像,我每场必看,只是我好胜心强,中国队在国际比赛中受挫,我就生气(9)。 近年来,朋友写信和来访总要说(10)“祝你健康长寿”。我说:寿不能太长,有生有死,这是常道(11),人人长寿,生而不死,试想,孔老夫子、秦始皇、袁世凯、蒋介石都还活着,这将是怎样一个世界! 人世间,万物万事,都有一定的规律,掌握了这个规律,才能够改革和创造。我认为,习惯不属于意识形态范围,它有一种“惯性”。所以,古人说:习之难改也甚矣(12)。当然,这是说难改,不是说不能改。只要下了决心,持之以恒,习惯也还是可以改的。 No Title ◎ Xia Yan Often,in my calm moment of contemplation,I find it amazing that a man like me who was born of a poor family and has suffered a lifetime of frustrations should have lived to the age of 92. When I was in my eighties,people often asked me for advice on how to keep in good health.But the fact is,instead of a recipe for healthy living,I have some very bad habits. I'm impetuous and tend to rush all things.I walk quickly,I write quickly,I eat even more quickly or,so to speak,just wolf down my food.As a result I became ill with duodenitis.The doctor at last cured me of my stomach trouble,but not of my bad habit of eating quickly. I'm a picky eater.Prior to the outbreak of the 10-year domestic political turmoil in 1966,I refused to eat melon,and seldom took vegetables and fruit.During the seventies,when I was confined in jail in Qincheng,my daily three meals consisted of nothing but corn buns plus turnip and Chinese cabbage.That,however,cured me of my being choosy about food.But,once out of prison,I slipped back to my old self,taking little vegetable and fruit. I'm a… -
Xia Yan Essay: Wild Grass – 夏衍《野草》
野草 ◎夏衍 有这样一个故事。 有人问:世界上什么东西的气力最大 〔1〕 ?回答纷纭的很,有的说“象”,有的说“狮”,有人开玩笑似的说:是“金刚”,金刚 〔2〕 有多少气力,当然大家全不知道。 结果,这一切答案完全不对 〔3〕 ,世界上气力最大的,是植物的种子。一粒种子所可以显现出来的力,简直是超越一切,这儿又是一个故事。 人的头盖骨,结合得非常致密与坚固,生理学家和解剖学者用尽了一切的方法,要把它完整地分出来 〔4〕 ,都没有这种力气,后来忽然有人发明了一个方法,就是把一些植物的种子放在要解剖的头盖骨里,给它以温度与湿度,使它发芽 〔5〕 ,一发芽,这些种子便以可怕的力量,将一切机械力所不能分开的骨骼,完整地分开了。植物种子力量之大,如此如此。 这,也许特殊了一点,常人不容易理解,那么,你看见笋的成长吗?你看见过被压在瓦砾和石块下面的一颗小草的生成吗?它为着向往阳光,为着达成它的生之意志 〔6〕 ,不管上面的石块如何重,石块与石块之间如何狭,它必定要曲曲折折地,但是顽强不屈地透到地面上来,它的根往土壤钻,它的芽往地面挺,这是一种不可抗的力,阻止它的石块,结果也被它掀翻,一粒种子的力量的大,如此如此。 没有一个人将小草叫做“大力士” 〔7〕 ,但是它的力量之大,的确是世界无比,这种力,是一般人看不见的生命力,只要生命存在,这种力就要显现,上面的石块,丝毫不足以阻挡,因为它是一种“长期抗战”的力,有弹性,能屈能伸的力,有韧性,不达目的不止的力 〔8〕 。 种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中,有生命力的种子决不会悲观和叹气,因为有了阻力才有磨炼。生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草,才是坚韧的草,也只有这种草,才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。 Wild Grass ◎ Xia Yan There is a story which goes like this: Someone asked, "What has the greatest strength on earth?" The answers varied. Some said, "The elephant." Some said, "The lion." Some said jokingly, "The fierce-browed guardian gods to Buddha." But nobody of course could tell how strong the guardian gods were. All the answers turned out to be wide of the mark. The mightiest thing on earth is the seed of a plant. The great strength which a seed is capable of is simply matchless. Here goes another story: The bones forming a human skull are so tightly and perfectly fit together that all physiologists or anatomists, hard as they try, fail to take them apart without damaging them. It so happened that, at the suggestion of someone, some seeds of a plant were placed inside a human skull awaiting dissection before heat and moisture were applied to cause them to grow. Once they started to grow, they let loose a terrific force to separate all the skull bones, leaving each of them intact. This would have been impossible with any mechanical power under the sun. See, how…
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