但是《三国演义》这一段写得非常精彩，有两场好戏，一个是“赵子龙单骑救主”，还有一个就是“张翼德大闹长坂坡”，那么这两个记载都有历史依据。刘备的妻子和他的儿子刘禅确实是赵云救出来的，长坂坡张飞也确实是怒吼了一声，说我就是张翼德，谁敢来送死？把曹操的人吓跑了，这也是事实，但是张翼德长坂坡一声吼并没有吼断桥、水倒流，那个桥是张飞派人拆的，拆掉的。赵子龙也确实是救了刘阿斗，但是刘备没有摔孩子，事情大概就是这样的。
“However, the section in” The Romance of the Three Kingdoms “is written wonderfully, with two good scenes, one is” Zhao Zilong’s Single Ride Savior “, and the other is” Zhang Yide’s Riot over Changbanpo “. Therefore, these two records have historical basis.”. Liu Bei’s wife and son Liu Chan were indeed rescued by Zhao Yun, and Zhang Fei at Changbanpo roared loudly, saying that I am Zhang Yide. Who dares to die? It was also true that Cao Cao’s people were scared away, but Zhang Yide Changbanpo’s roar did not break the bridge and the water flowed backwards. Zhang Fei sent someone to demolish it. Zhao Zilong did indeed save Liu Adou, but Liu Bei didn’t throw the child, which is probably how it happened.
＊现在我们知道，刘背靠张飞保全了性命，靠赵云找回了妻子，但是他仍然没有出路。虽然他和前来接应的关羽等人会和后，手上有了两万人马，但如果和曹操的大军较量仍然是不堪一击。正在刘备一筹莫展的时候，孙权手下的谋士鲁肃却日夜兼程来找刘备了，刘备此时狼狈不堪，鲁肃为什么要匆忙赶来见他呢？
原来，荆州牧刘表去世的消息传到江东的时候，政治上极为敏感的鲁肃立即意识到这件事情对于江东集团的重要意义。因为我们讲过鲁肃是有一个东吴版的“隆中对”的，这个“隆中对”是打荆州主意的，而且鲁肃设计的三分天下是孙权、刘表、曹操三分天下，刘表去世了，局势大变了。鲁肃马上去找孙权，说：将军啊，这个事情可不能小看啊，因为荆州这个地方实在是“帝王之资”，就是称王称帝的一个根据地，现在刘表死了，刘表的两个儿子刘琦和刘琮为了争夺接班人的地位已经是不和了，是分裂了，这两个人当中又夹了一个号称天下枭雄的刘备，荆州地区未来局势极其地不明朗，我希望将军派我到荆州去看一下，名义是去吊唁、去向刘表先生寄托我们的哀思，实际上我是想去看一看他们将来会怎么样，如果刘琦、刘琮、刘备三个人居然团结起来了，那我们就要联合他们去对抗曹操；如果他们三个人打起来了呢，那我们不是就可以趁机做一点什么事情吗？孙权说，好！你去。孙权做出这个决定也不容易，因为江东集团和荆州集团是世仇，孙权的父亲孙坚是被刘表的大将黄祖杀死的，有杀父之仇，但是孙权是一个政治家，政治家就不会感情用事，就不会意气用事，立即批准了鲁肃的行动计划。
“Now we know that Liu Bei saved his life by relying on Zhang Fei and retrieved his wife by relying on Zhao Yun, but he still has no way out.”. Although he met with Guan Yu and others who had come to meet him, and they had 20000 troops on hand, if they were to compete with Cao Cao’s army, they would still be vulnerable. While Liu Bei was at a loss, Lu Su, a counselor under Sun Quan, came to find Liu Bei day and night. Liu Bei was in a mess at this moment. Why did Lu Su rush to see him?
It turned out that when the news of the death of Liu Biao from Jingzhou Mu spread to Jiangdong, Lu Su, who was extremely politically sensitive, immediately realized the significance of this matter for Jiangdong Group. Because we said that Lu Su had a version of the “Long Zhong Pai” in the Eastern Wu Dynasty, which was based on the idea of Jingzhou. Moreover, the three parts of the world designed by Lu Su were Sun Quan, Liu Biao, and Cao Cao. After Liu Biao’s death, the situation changed greatly. Lu Su immediately went to Sun Quan and said, “General, this matter cannot be looked down upon, because Jingzhou is really a” capital of the emperor “, a base area for claiming the title of king and emperor. Now that Liu Biao is dead, Liu Biao’s two sons, Liu Qi and Liu Cong, have become estranged and divided in order to compete for the position of their successors. Among these two people, there is also Liu Bei, who is known as the world’s kingpin. The future situation in Jingzhou is extremely uncertain.”, “I hope the General will send me to Jingzhou for a visit, in the name of condolence and expressing our condolences to Mr. Liu Biao. In fact, I want to see what will happen to them in the future. If Liu Qi, Liu Cong, and Liu Bei actually unite, then we will unite them against Cao Cao;”; If the three of them fight, shouldn’t we take the opportunity to do something? Sun Quan said, OK! You go. It was not easy for Sun Quan to make this decision because the Jiangdong Group and the Jingzhou Group were feuds. Sun Quan’s father, Sun Jian, was killed by Liu Biao’s general, Huang Zu, and had the revenge of killing his father. However, as a politician, Sun Quan would not be sentimental or impulsive, and immediately approved Lu Su’s action plan.
于是鲁肃就从柴桑口出发，柴桑在哪里呢？柴桑在现在的江西省九江市，我估计是坐船。那么当鲁肃从柴桑也就是九江，来到夏口也就是汉口的时候，就得到了刘表去世的消息，鲁肃马上继续往前赶；等鲁肃的船来到江陵的时候，就得到了刘琮投降、刘备逃亡的消息，而且他很清楚刘备从樊城往南逃；于是鲁肃没有在江陵坐等刘备，而是迎头北上去迎刘备，相遇于当阳的长坂坡。那么鲁肃就对刘备说了，说豫州现在准备到哪里去啊？因为刘备当时的官衔是领豫州牧，就是代理豫州牧。——说刘豫州，那你现在准备上哪儿去呢？刘备说，我准备投奔苍梧太守吴巨，吴巨是我的老朋友。鲁肃就说：不必吧，这个吴巨是个没有能力的人，他自己都保不住，他能保得住将军您吗？我的意见，刘豫州不如联合我们孙将军，我们孙将军如何如何，道德又好啊、人品又好啊、威望又高啊、力量又大啊、人马又多啊，你如果联合我们孙将军一起来对抗曹操，那不是就可以完成大业了吗？为了保证这个计划能够实现，鲁肃还对诸葛亮说了这样一句话，说孔明先生啊，我是子瑜先生的好朋友。子瑜就是诸葛亮的哥哥诸葛瑾，还套了一番近乎，其实鲁肃用不着套这个近乎，因为鲁肃的这个建议很对刘备的心思，刘备现在已经是走投无路了，有一个人能够跟他联合他求之不得，他怎么会反对呢？诸葛亮也会赞成，因为诸葛亮作“隆中对”的时候，做出的战略规划就是联合孙权，对抗曹操嘛，现在孙权方面主动提出联合的建议，怎么会不答应呢？所以刘备和诸葛亮欣然同意，于是三个人就在当阳这个地方达成一个口头协议，我估计是，联合起来对抗曹操。
So Lu Su started from the mouth of Chaisang. Where is Chaisang? Chai Sang is now in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. I guess it was by boat. When Lu Su arrived at Xiakou, also known as Hankou, from Chaisang, Jiujiang, he received the news that Liu Biao had passed away. Lu Su immediately continued to move forward; When Lu Su’s ship arrived at Jiangling, he received news of Liu Cong’s surrender and Liu Bei’s flight, and he was very clear that Liu Bei was fleeing south from Fancheng; So instead of waiting for Liu Bei at Jiangling, Lu Su headed north to meet Liu Bei and met him at Changbanpo in Dangyang. So Lu Su said to Liu Bei, “Where is Yuzhou going now?”? Because Liu Bei’s official title at that time was to lead Yuzhou herdsmen, which was to represent Yuzhou herdsmen—— Speaking of Liu Yuzhou, where are you going now? “Liu Bei said, ‘I am going to join Wu Ju, the governor of Cangwu, who is my old friend.'”. Lu Su said, “No need. This Wu Ju is an incompetent person, and he can’t keep himself. Can he keep you, General?”? In my opinion, Liu Yuzhou might as well unite with our General Sun. How about our General Sun, who has good morals, good character, high prestige, great strength, and many people? If you unite with our General Sun to fight against Cao Cao, wouldn’t it be possible to accomplish the great cause? In order to ensure the implementation of this plan, Lu Su also said to Zhuge Liang, “Mr. Kong Ming, I am a good friend of Mr. Ziyu.”. Zi Yu was Zhuge Jin, Zhuge Liang’s brother, and he made some advances. In fact, Lu Su didn’t need to make these advances, because Lu Su’s suggestion was very helpful to Liu Bei’s mind. Liu Bei is now desperate, and if someone could unite with him, he couldn’t wait. How could he object? Zhuge Liang would also agree, because when Zhuge Liang made the “Long Zhong Pai”, he made a strategic plan to unite Sun Quan against Cao Cao. Now that Sun Quan has taken the initiative to propose a joint proposal, how could he not agree? So Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang readily agreed, and the three reached an oral agreement in Dangyang. I believe it was to unite against Cao Cao.
于是刘备、诸葛亮、张飞、赵云和前来接应的关羽、刘琦一起往东走，还有鲁肃了，来到了夏口。而曹操这个时候干什么去了呢？曹操直扑江陵，因为江陵是战略要地啊，军需仓库啊，曹操这时候也顾不上再去打刘备了，先把江陵拿下来再说。曹操往南走去江陵，刘备他们往东走去夏口，到了夏口就基本上到了孙权的势力范围的周边了，孙权又答应和他联合，他安全就有了保障，这个时候刘备也就可以喘一口气了。可是曹操不让刘备喘气，曹操拿下江陵以后，获得了大量的军需物资，他就顺江而下了，这个时候斗争的矛头是直指刘备的，他要来打夏口，打刘备。在这样的情况下诸葛亮就站出来了，诸葛亮对刘备说：“事急矣，请奉命求救于孙将军。”这一段话在《三国演义》里面还有一段小戏，就是诸葛亮提出来到孙权那儿去求救，刘备还假装不同意，鲁肃还在旁边说，最后刘备才假装同意。这个扭捏作态也没有必要，因为当时情况非常地危急，在这种情况下应该是诸葛亮挺身而出，刘备立即拍板，哪里还有什么犹豫啊，你想想诸葛亮后来的《出师表》是怎么说的？“后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间。”说的就是这个时候，所谓败军之际就是当阳之败，所谓危难之间就是曹操从江陵出兵要来打刘备。而且诸葛亮说得很清楚，“事急矣”，这个事情已经非常紧急了，所以是刘备马上就同意了，而且诸葛亮就和鲁肃一起到柴桑去见孙权，这对于刘备集团来说，是生死攸关的事情，所以诸葛亮必须完成这次使命。但问题是这件事情由不得刘备，由不得刘备集团的一厢情愿，也不取决于或者说不完全取决于诸葛亮的外交才能，重要的是这取决于江东集团的政治利益。政治家在做决策的时候，是从他自己集团的利益出发的，而孙权和江东集团是有着和刘备集团不同的政治利益的，那么诸葛亮他能完成他的使命吗？请看下集——临危受命。
So Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, along with Guan Yu and Liu Qi who came to meet them, walked east, and Lu Su arrived at Xiakou. And what did Cao Cao do at this time? Cao Cao rushed directly to Jiangling, because Jiangling was a strategic location and a military depot. At this time, Cao Cao could not afford to attack Liu Bei again. He should take Jiangling down first. Cao Cao walked south to Jiangling, and Liu Bei and his team walked east to Xiakou. When they reached Xiakou, they were basically around Sun Quan’s sphere of influence. Sun Quan agreed to unite with him, and his safety would be guaranteed. At this time, Liu Bei could take a breather. However, Cao Cao did not allow Liu Bei to breathe. After taking Jiangling, Cao Cao obtained a large amount of military supplies, and he went down the river. At this time, the spearhead of the struggle was directed at Liu Bei. He would come to fight Xiakou and Liu Bei. Under such circumstances, Zhuge Liang stood up and said to Liu Bei, “The matter is urgent. Please take orders to ask for help from General Sun.” There is also a short play in “The Romance of the Three Kingdoms” in which Zhuge Liang proposed to come to Sun Quan for help. Liu Bei pretended not to agree, while Lu Su continued to say, and finally Liu Bei pretended to agree. “This posturing was not necessary because the situation was very critical at the time. In this case, it should have been Zhuge Liang who stepped forward and Liu Bei immediately made a decision. Where is there any hesitation? What did Zhuge Liang say in his later” Graduation Table “?”? “Later, when the enemy was overthrown, he was entrusted with the task of defeating the army, and was ordered to be in danger.” That is when the so-called defeat of the army was the defeat of Dangyang, and the so-called crisis was when Cao Cao sent troops from Jiangling to attack Liu Bei. Moreover, Zhuge Liang clearly stated, “It’s urgent.” This matter was already very urgent, so Liu Bei immediately agreed. Moreover, Zhuge Liang and Lu Su went to Chaisang to meet Sun Quan. This is a matter of life and death for the Liu Bei Group, so Zhuge Liang must complete this mission. However, the problem is that this matter cannot be resolved by Liu Bei or the wishful thinking of the Liu Bei Group, nor does it depend entirely on Zhuge Liang’s diplomatic skills. The important thing is that it depends on the political interests of the Jiangdong Group. Politicians make decisions based on the interests of their own group, while Sun Quan and Jiangdong Group have different political interests from Liu Bei Group. Can Zhuge Liang accomplish his mission? Please watch the next episode – Taking orders in the face of danger.
