枪杆子，这个时候只能用拳头说话啊，所以门阀不敌军阀，斗不过军阀。东汉末年恰恰是这样一个状态，天下大乱，诸侯割据，烽烟四起，占事频仍，谁也不理谁，谁也不听谁的，各自为政，门阀不管用得靠军阀，那么第一个杀上历史舞台的军阀是谁呢？董卓，董卓就是个地方豪强又拥有自己独立的武装力量，那当然是军阀，我刚才说过帝国国是三个力量在支持着：外戚、宦官、士族。董桌进京之前以袁绍为代表的士族联合以何进为代表的外戚和以张让为代表的宦官进行斗争，结果两败全俱伤，何进被宦官杀了，宦官被袁绍杀了，这两个柱就没了，倒了，剩下一个士族，董卓进京以后还是想跟士族合作的，他甚至把一些士族绑架来到朝廷来做官，但是问题是董卓这个人他不会合作，他不懂怎么跟士族合作，士族也不愿意跟他合作，最后董卓和士族闹翻，董卓变成孤家寡人烧了洛阳、劫持皇帝，跑到西安，这些士族们纷纷在各地拥兵自重变成军阀了。
画外音：董卓登上了历史舞台首先给士族当头一棒，士族阶级才知识他们的好日子快要结束了，他们当然不会善罢甘休，于是他们选出士族代言人袁绍准备重新夺回士族的统治地位，那么袁绍能够担当起这个重任吗？他们的士族阶级将会遇到怎样的挑战呢？他们想重新获得统治地位的愿望最终能够实现吗？
这个时候历史就到了一个十字路口或者说到了一个三贫路口，中国向何处去，大家都在思考这个问题，最有想法的两个人就是袁绍和曹操。袁绍的想法很简单走东汉的老路，恢复东汉的秩序，而且甚至不再有外戚和宦官这两股政治力量，最好就是我们士族这一家来统治这个国家，奉行一条“儒家士族路线”，所以当时很多人支持袁绍啊，你想当时各路诸侯成立关东联军的时候为什么要选袁绍做盟主，袁绍当时的官职并不大，官职最高的是袁术，左将军，袁绍是渤海太守，第二位是韩馥，冀州牧，袁绍等于是现在一个地级市的市长，那上面还有省长，为什么选他做盟主？就是士族地主阶级看好袁绍，袁绍家四世三公，袁绍自己其实也还是很有才能的，所以当历史进入军阀时代的时候，门阀便寄希望于袁绍，这才有袁绍和曹操的官渡之战，我们现在回头去看官渡之战曹操胜得是非常险，都看好袁绍，刘备叛逃，董孙政变嘛，这个刘表是心里面偏袁绍嘛，孙策在后面做小动作，偷袭许都嘛，还有周围的郡县都背叛曹操投了袁绍，孔融那更加是在许都大放厥词，散布袁绍不可战胜之神话嘛，被荀彧驳斥，后来曹操战胜袁绍以后从彭绍大本营里搜到很多自己这边人给袁绍写的那些书信他不敢追究一把火烧掉，他其实是不敢追究，但是结果怎么样呢？
“Gun barrel, you can only speak with your fists at this time, so the warlords are no match for the warlords and cannot fight against them.”. In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was precisely such a state of chaos, with feudal separatism, widespread wars, frequent occupation, and no one paying attention to or listening to anyone. Each one went his own way, regardless of the use of warlords. Who was the first warlord to kill on the historical stage? Dong Zhuo, Dong Zhuo is a local power with its own independent armed forces. Of course, he is a warlord. As I said earlier, the Empire is supported by three forces: foreign relatives, eunuchs, and gentry. Before Dong Table entered Beijing, the gentry represented by Yuan Shao joined forces with his relatives represented by He Jin and the eunuch represented by Zhang Rang to fight. Both defeats ended in injuries. He Jin was killed by the eunuch, and the eunuch was killed by Yuan Shao. The two pillars were gone, and there was only one gentry left. Dong Zhuo still wanted to cooperate with the gentry after entering Beijing. He even kidnapped some gentry to become officials in the imperial court, but the problem was that Dong Zhuo would not cooperate with him, “He didn’t know how to cooperate with the gentry, and the gentry were unwilling to cooperate with him. Finally, Dong Zhuo fell out with the gentry. Dong Zhuo became a lonely family, burned Luoyang, kidnapped the emperor, and ran to Xi’an. These gentry supported troops everywhere and became warlords.”.
Voice over: Dong Zhuo stepped onto the historical stage and first gave a blow to the gentry. The gentry class only knew that their good days were coming to an end. Of course, they would not give up easily. So they chose the gentry spokesperson Yuan Shao to prepare to regain the ruling position of the gentry. Can Yuan Shao be able to shoulder this important task? What challenges will their taxi class face? Can their desire to regain dominance finally be realized?
At this time, history has reached a crossroads or when it comes to the intersection of poverty, poverty, poverty, and poverty. Where is China going? Everyone is pondering this question. The two most thoughtful people are Yuan Shao and Cao Cao. Yuan Shao’s idea was very simple: to follow the old path of the Eastern Han Dynasty and restore order in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Moreover, there were no longer even two political forces, namely, foreign relatives and eunuchs. The best way to do this was for our noble family to rule the country and pursue a “Confucian noble line”. Therefore, many people supported Yuan Shao at that time. Why did you think that when various feudal lords established the Kanto Allied Army, they chose Yuan Shao as the leader of the alliance? Yuan Shao’s official position was not large at that time, The highest official position is Yuan Shu, General Zuo, and Yuan Shao is the governor of Bohai Sea. The second is Han Fu, and Jizhou Mu. Yuan Shao is now the mayor of a prefecture-level city, and there is also the governor above. Why did you choose him as the leader of the alliance? Even the aristocratic landlord class favored Yuan Shao, the fourth generation and third duke of the Yuan Shao family, and Yuan Shao himself was actually very talented. Therefore, when history entered the era of warlords, the warlords placed their hopes on Yuan Shao, which led to the battle between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao in Guandu. We now turn back to see if Cao Cao had won the battle in a very dangerous way, and we are all optimistic about Yuan Shao, Liu Bei’s defection, and the coup of Dong Sun. This Liu Biao is inwardly biased towards Yuan Shao, Sun Ce made small moves behind him to sneak attack Xudu, as well as the surrounding counties and counties that betrayed Cao Cao and voted for Yuan Shao. Kong Rong was even more vocal in Xudu, spreading the myth of Yuan Shao’s invincibility, which was refuted by Xun Yu. Later, after Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, he searched many letters written by his own people from Pengshao’s headquarters for Yuan Shao. He dared not pursue them and burned them down. He actually dared not pursue them, but what was the result?
结果是官渡之战曹操胜利了，袁绍失败了，这样的士族地主阶级的最后一线希望破灭了，而曹操走的是什么路线呢？他要建设的是什么政权呢？陈寅恪先生的说法是“法家寒族之曹魏政权”，而曹操的路线在北方中国得到了推行，一个法家寒族的政权开始建立起来，但是曹操终于没有实现自己的这个理想，为什么呢？南方对抗北方，他过不了长江，当时长江沿线三个州，扬州、荆州、益州、州牧都姓刘，扬州牧刘繇，荆州牧刘表，益州牧刘焉，刘焉死了以后刘璋都是宗室，刘表本人还是名士，由于长江的阻隔，由于南方对北方的对抗，孙权和刘备起来了，孙权和刘备起来以后就有了第三次重要的战争夷陵之战，夷陵之战的结果是什么呢？是孙权吃不掉刘备，刘备也吃不掉孙权，刘备集团和孙权集团实际上是诸葛亮和孙权成达协议，二帝并尊，瓜分天下，三国鼎立的局面就形成了。所以我们现在回过头来一看就很清楚整个三国的历史就是士族地主阶级谋略成为统治阶级而被另外一些力量所阻挡的历史，曹操、刘备、孙权都是阻挡潮流的力量，所以我称之为逆流而上，是反潮流的，但是魏、蜀、吴三国最后都归于晋，而晋就是地地道道的士族主地阶级政权，三家归晋就是天下归士族，但是魏、蜀、吴三家它们的建国道路是不同的，它们的归晋原因也是不同的，那么它们的建国之路和它们的归晋原因又何在呢？请看下集《殊途同归》。
The result was that Cao Cao won the battle of Guandu and Yuan Shao failed. The last glimmer of hope for such a gentry landlord class was shattered, and what route did Cao Cao follow? What regime is he building? Mr. Chen Yinke said that “the Cao Wei regime of the Legalist Han ethnic group”, and Cao Cao’s line was promoted in northern China, and a regime of the Legalist Han ethnic group began to be established. However, Cao Cao finally failed to realize his ideal. Why? “When the South fought against the North, he could not cross the Yangtze River. At that time, three states along the Yangtze River, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yizhou, and Zhoumu, were surnamed Liu, Yangzhou Mu Liu Yao, Jingzhou Mu Liu Biao, and Yizhou Mu Liu Yan. After Liu Yan’s death, Liu Zhang was a royal family, and Liu Biao himself was a famous scholar. Due to the barrier of the Yangtze River and the confrontation between the South and the North, Sun Quan and Liu Bei rose up. After Sun Quan and Liu Bei rose up, there was a third important war, the Battle of Yiling.”, What was the outcome of the Battle of Yiling? It was Sun Quan who couldn’t eat Liu Bei, and Liu Bei couldn’t eat Sun Quan either. Liu Bei Group and Sun Quan Group actually reached an agreement between Zhuge Liang and Sun Quan. The two emperors were respected together and divided up the world, forming a situation where the three kingdoms stood in balance. So when we look back now, it is clear that the entire history of the Three Kingdoms is the history of the gentry landlord class plotting to become a ruling class and being blocked by other forces. Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan are all forces that block the tide, so I call them “going against the current”, which is against the tide. However, the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu ultimately belong to Jin, which is the authentic gentry landlord class regime, “The three families returning to Jin are the aristocratic families who return to the world. However, the Wei, Shu, and Wu families have different paths to establish their country, and their reasons for returning to Jin are also different. So what are their paths to establish their country and their reasons for returning to Jin?”? Please watch the next episode of “Different Paths and Same Destination”.
