那么就我们来看，大家一般人来看，如果让各位来选的话，我估计很多人会选曹植。因为曹植可爱啊，率真啊，坦诚啊；而曹丕心里头不知道藏着什么鬼主意，像曹丕那样御之以术、矫情自饰的人，不但是不可爱，而且还有点可怕，因为你搞不清楚他在想什么。但问题在于曹操现在不是要评选“谁是最可爱的人”，他要选择的是“谁是最可靠的人”。什么可靠？政治上可靠，政治上可靠是什么意思？保证他曹魏政权代代相传。而他曹魏政权这个时候是不稳固的，对不对，那边还有两个敌人，一个孙权，一个刘备，朝廷内部也在闹哄哄的，他这个时候就不能选一个任性的人、一个坦诚的人、一个性情中人，他得选一个工于心计的人，才能保证他这份家业传下去啊。
Let’s take a look at it. From the perspective of ordinary people, if you choose, I think many people will choose Cao Zhi. Because Cao Zhi is cute, frank, and honest; “Cao Pi didn’t know what kind of evil idea was hidden in his heart. A person who, like Cao Pi, used his tricks and pretended to be himself was not only unlovable, but also a bit scary, because you couldn’t figure out what he was thinking.”. “But the problem is that Cao Cao now does not want to choose” who is the most lovable person “, he wants to choose” who is the most reliable person. “. What is reliable? What does it mean to be politically reliable? Ensure that his Cao Wei regime is passed down from generation to generation. “His Cao Wei regime was unstable at this time, wasn’t it? There were two enemies over there, Sun Quan and Liu Bei, and there was also a lot of uproar in the imperial court. At this time, he couldn’t choose a willful person, a frank person, or a person with a temperament. He had to choose a person who worked hard and calculated to ensure that his family inheritance would continue.”.
＊曹操选接班人，首先是选一个搞政治的人，其次还需要政治上必须可靠。因为只有选一个政治可靠的人，曹操的家业才能够传承下去。曹植无疑是有才的，但最终由于性格上的原因而与太子之位失之交臂。公元217年，曹丕终于被正式立为太子，那么易中天先生又是如何分析曹丕的当选呢？
我认为曹丕最后当选有四个原因。第一个原因，就是刚才讲的，工于心计。
To choose a successor, Cao Cao first needs to choose a person who engages in politics, and secondly, he needs to be politically reliable. Because only by selecting a politically reliable person can Cao Cao’s family legacy be inherited. Cao Zhi is undoubtedly talented, but ultimately due to personality reasons, he missed the crown prince’s position. In 217 AD, Cao Pi was finally officially made Prince. How did Mr. Yi Zhongtian analyze Cao Pi’s election?
I think Cao Pi was elected for four reasons. The first reason is that, as I mentioned earlier, one works by heart.
第二个原因，文武双全。人家都知道说曹植有才，不知道曹丕也有才，而且是文武全才。我们去读《三国志》的这三个人的传，你就会发现，曹彰的才能主要在军事，是个武才；曹植的才能主要在文学，是文才；而曹丕是两方面都有。从文的角度来讲，曹丕是建安时代“三曹”之一，曹操、曹植、曹丕，三大诗人嘛。虽然他的诗比曹操、曹植相对而言写得差一点，但是他是中国第一个写七言诗的人，另外他有文艺理论，曹丕的的《典论·论文》是中国文学史上不可磨灭的一笔，还是文艺理论家。而且武功很好，他从小骑马、射箭，功夫是相当了得的。他有一天和一个叫邓展的将军讨论剑术，讲着讲着邓展说，你说得是头头是道，曹丕说那我们比试比试嘛，顺手抓了一根甘蔗，——那时候甘蔗刚刚引进中国，还是贵族才能吃的东西，——抓起一跟甘蔗扔过去，然后自己再抓一根，说来，啪啪啪几下，把邓展打倒。全了，所以这也是原因啊。
The second reason is that they are both civil and military. Everyone knows that Cao Zhi has talent, but they don’t know that Cao Pi also has talent, and he is a versatile scholar and martial artist. Let’s read the biographies of these three people in “The Three Kingdoms”, and you will find that Cao Zhang’s talent is mainly in military affairs, and he is a martial artist; Cao Zhi’s talent mainly lies in literature, which is a literary talent; Cao Pi had both. From a literary point of view, Cao Pi was one of the “Three Caos” of the Jian’an era. Cao Cao, Cao Zhi, and Cao Pi were the three great poets. Although his poetry is relatively inferior to that of Cao Cao and Cao Zhi, he was the first person in China to write seven-character poetry. In addition, he has literary and artistic theories. Cao Pi’s “Dianlun Thesis” is an indelible piece in the history of Chinese literature and is also a literary and artistic theorist. Moreover, his martial arts are very good. He grew up riding horses and archery, and his martial arts are quite excellent. One day, he was discussing swordsmanship with a general named Deng Zhan, and talking about Deng Zhan, he said, “You’re right. Cao Pi said, ‘Let’s have a competition. We grabbed a piece of sugar cane, which was just introduced into China and was something that only nobles could eat.’ Grab a handful of sugar cane and throw it over, then grab another one yourself. Let’s say, slap it a few times, and knock Deng Zhan down. ‘. That’s all, so that’s why.
第三个原因，就是曹丕身为长子。这前面我已经讲过了，长子又是嫡子，他这个地位是很高的。当时曹操向文武百官征求意见，我们在上一集讲到崔琰就是公开回答说立嫡以长，没有争议，其他人也写信给曹操说，这个原则不能破坏。最好玩的是贾诩，曹操去征求贾诩的意见，说你看，这两个儿子，我选谁好啊？……曹操说我问你呢，你怎么不说话啊？他说我在想事儿，在想事。曹操说，你想什么事儿啊？贾诩说，我在想袁绍和刘表的事。什么意思呢？就是袁绍和刘表共同犯了一个错误，选接班人的时候没有立嫡长子，立的都是幼子，结果败了，曹操马上就明白了。就是第三个原因。
＊通过易中天先生的分析可以看出，曹丕身为长子，再加上文武全才，所以在太子之争中占有先天优势，但这些不足以撼动曹植在曹操心目中的地位。后来曹丕在与曹植的暗中较量中，有两个关键人物为曹丕当选太子立下了汗马功劳，那么这两个人是谁呢？他们又是如何帮助曹丕的呢？
The third reason is that Cao Pi is the eldest son. As I have already mentioned, the eldest son is also a legitimate son, and his position is very high. At that time, Cao Cao asked for opinions from various civil and military officials. As we mentioned in the previous episode, Cui Yan publicly replied that there was no dispute about establishing a legitimate leader. Others also wrote to Cao Cao and said that this principle cannot be violated. The most interesting thing is Jia Xu. Cao Cao went to seek Jia Xu’s opinion and said, “Look, who should I choose between these two sons?” Cao Cao said I asked you, why didn’t you speak? He said I was thinking, thinking. Cao Cao said, “What do you think?”? Jia Xu said, ‘I’m thinking about Yuan Shao and Liu Biao.’. What does it mean? “It was Yuan Shao and Liu Biao who made a mistake together. When choosing a successor, they did not have their eldest son, but only their youngest son. The result was defeat, and Cao Cao immediately understood.”. That’s the third reason.
Through Mr. Yi Zhongtian’s analysis, it can be seen that Cao Pi, as the eldest son, combined with his versatility in literature and martial arts, had a congenital advantage in the battle for the crown prince, but these were not enough to shake Cao Zhi’s position in Cao Cao’s mind. Later, in a secret contest between Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, two key figures made great contributions to Cao Pi’s election as crown prince. Who are these two? How did they help Cao Pi?
＊刚才易中天先生讲到，曹丕当选为太子是具有先天优势，但是我们知道，曹植也是很有才，再加上深得曹操宠爱，所以两个人的竞争也是半斤八两，不相上下。因此，曹植和曹丕都在小心翼翼的接受着曹操的各方面考验。就在这个关键时刻，曹丕阵营中有两个至关重要的人物为曹丕当选太子立下了汗马功劳，那么这两个人是谁呢？他们为曹丕又是如何支招的呢？
As Mr. Yi Zhongtian mentioned just now, Cao Pi’s election as Crown Prince has inherent advantages. However, we know that Cao Zhi is also very talented, and he is deeply loved by Cao Cao. Therefore, the competition between the two is almost equal. Therefore, both Cao Zhi and Cao Pi were carefully tested by Cao Cao in all aspects. At this critical moment, two crucial figures in Cao Pi’s camp have made great contributions to Cao Pi’s election as crown prince. Who are these two? How did they recruit Cao Pi?
