第四个特点是：虚怀若谷，见贤思齐。曹操不和部下争风头、争面子、抢功劳，这且不说，而且部下给他提意见，如果他没有采纳，犯了错误他一定检讨，他一定把过错都揽到自己身上。当然在很多情况下曹操是虚心纳谏的，这也是吸引人才的一个很重要的因素，因为作为一个人才来说他固然希望通过自己的勤劳、智慧换取他应得的报酬，这是他的一个希望，但是他更希望的是自己能够施展才华，自己的建议、策划能得到采纳。我们读史书可以看到，大量的这样的记载，太祖听之，从之，善之，当然也有不听的时候，也有太祖不听，如果不听而决策错误，曹操一定检讨。有一次曹操打孙权的时候，曹操就做了一个决定，就准备把淮南的老百姓都迁移到北方去，当时有个叫蒋济的人就不赞成。曹操说你看上次我跟袁绍官渡之战的时候我就把白马的老百姓迁移到延津，蒋济说，曹公，现在这个情况和你跟袁绍打白马的时候不一样了，再说老百姓他都是恋土的，恋家的，谁愿意搬来搬去，不要迁移他们。曹操不听，不听以后这些老百姓一听曹操要把他们迁移到北方去，呼啦啦都跑到孙权那儿去了。所以后来蒋济去见曹操，曹操听说蒋济来了以后马上出门迎接，然后呵呵呵地笑着，拉着蒋济的手说，哎呀蒋济，你看你看这事我弄得，我本来是想让他们躲避一下孙贼的，谁知道把他们都赶到孙贼那去了，你看我干的这事，检讨。而且我们还要学他一点，就是检讨也用不着总是哭丧着脸，我们现在一些当领导的犯了错误不愿意检讨就是因为一检讨好像就要痛哭流涕，深刻解剖自己，检讨也有各种感情，你也可以笑着检讨，笑着检讨你也不丢面子，接受你检讨的人他也还是觉得你是有诚意的。
The fourth characteristic is: Be modest and think like a valley. “Cao Cao does not compete with his subordinates for fame, face, or credit, which goes without saying. Moreover, his subordinates provide him with suggestions. If he fails to adopt them and makes mistakes, he must review them, and he must take the blame on himself.”. Of course, in many cases, Cao Cao accepts advice with an open mind, which is also a very important factor in attracting talent. As a person, he certainly hopes to exchange his due remuneration for his diligence and wisdom, which is one of his hopes. However, what he hopes more is that he can display his talent and his suggestions and plans can be adopted. We can see from reading historical books that there are a large number of such records. Taizu listened to them, followed them, and acted well. Of course, there were also times when Taizu did not listen, and there were also times when Taizu did not listen. If he did not listen and made a wrong decision, Cao Cao would definitely review it. Once, when Cao Cao attacked Sun Quan, he made a decision to move the people of Huainan to the north. At that time, a person named Jiang Ji disagreed. “Cao Cao said that the last time I fought with Yuan Shao in the Guandu battle, I moved the people of Baima to Yanjin. Jiang Ji said, ‘Duke Cao, this situation is different from when you and Yuan Shao fought against Baima. Besides, the people are all earth-loving and home-loving. Whoever wants to move here and there, don’t move them.'”. “Cao Cao didn’t listen, and when these ordinary people heard that Cao Cao was going to move them to the north, they all went to Sun Quan.”. So later, Jiang Ji went to see Cao Cao, who immediately went out to meet him when he heard that Jiang Ji had arrived. He then chuckled and took Jiang Ji’s hand and said, “Oh, Jiang Ji, look at this. I made it happen. I originally wanted them to avoid the Sun thief, but who knew they were all sent to the Sun thief? Look at what I did and review it.”. Moreover, we need to learn from him, that is, there is no need to always be sad when reviewing. Some of us leaders now are unwilling to review their mistakes because it seems like they will cry bitterly and deeply dissect themselves. The review also has various emotions. You can also review with a smile, and you won’t lose face if you review with a smile. The people who accept your review still feel that you have sincerity.
这就是曹操在用人方面的四个特点，根据这四个特点我们可以总结出八句话：
真心诚意，以情感人；推心置腹，以诚待人；开诚布公，以理服人；言行一致，以信取人；
令行禁止，依法治人；设身处地，以宽容人；扬人责己，以功归人；论功行赏，以奖励人。
These are the four characteristics of Cao Cao’s employment. Based on these four characteristics, we can summarize eight sentences:
Sincere and moving with emotion; Be honest and treat others with sincerity; Be open and honest, and convince others with reason; Agree words and deeds, and judge people by faith;
Administer orders and prohibitions, and administer people according to law; Put yourself in a tolerant position; Praising others and blaming oneself, returning to others with merit; Reward people for their merits.
＊曹操作为一个好老板，是非常会用人的，他十分清楚“争天下必先争人”。可是身处乱世，老伴选择人才，人才也选择老板，这就类似于今天的双向选择，因此争取人才必须先征服人才的心。而易中天先生认为曹操能够恩威并举，并善于自我批评和将心比心，这难道就是曹操争取人心的独家秘诀吗？那么，曹操那么多用人之术的背后究竟隐藏着怎样的玄机呢？
As a good boss, Cao Cao is very skilled in employing people. He is very clear that “to compete for the world, one must first compete for others.”. However, in troubled times, when a spouse chooses talents, talents also choose bosses, which is similar to today’s two-way choice. Therefore, to strive for talents, one must first conquer their hearts. And Mr. Yi Zhongtian believes that Cao Cao is capable of both grace and power, and is good at self criticism and empathy. Is this Cao Cao’s exclusive secret to winning hearts and minds? So, what kind of mystery lies behind Cao Cao’s so many skills in employing people?
