先说曹操的奸诈，最能体现曹操这个人奸诈的例子，是在他和袁绍战争中发生的一件事。我们知道三国时期有三大战役，第一次战役就是曹袁官渡之战，第二战役是曹孙赤壁之战，第三大战役是孙刘彝陵之战。曹操就是在官渡之战以后奠定了他的历史地位，这场战争打得非常地艰苦，非常地艰巨。当时两军对峙相持不下，而曹军军粮已经不多了，我们知道打仗拼什么？除了拼勇敢、拼武器、拼实力以外，很重要的是拼粮饷，所谓“兵马未动，粮草先行”，没有粮食这个仗是打不下去的，曹操这个时候实际上是快要断粮了，一筹莫展。这个时候袁绍阵营里面有一个谋士叫做许攸的突然来投奔曹操，曹操听说这个消息以后大喜过望，“跣足而出”。什么叫跣足呢？就是光着脚，那么曹操这个时候跣足而出迎接许攸是什么原因，什么意思，有两种可能：一种是叫做来不及穿鞋，可能在洗脚在干什么，一听说许攸来了光着脚就往外跑，大喜过望；第二种可能是表示尊敬，因为古礼光脚是尊敬。我们知道曹操后来地位很高了以后，汉献帝给了曹操一个特殊待遇，叫做带剑鞋履上殿，叫“剑履上殿”，剑就是带剑，你可以佩着剑去见皇帝，履就是穿鞋，这说明一般的人是不能穿鞋见皇帝的。能不能穿袜子呢，看地位，地位高的人可以“袜而登席”，穿着袜子走到席位上，地位再低一点一定要光脚。所以光脚可能是表示尊重。
Speaking first of Cao Cao’s treachery, the most obvious example of Cao Cao’s treachery is an incident that occurred during his war with Yuan Shao. We know that there were three major battles during the Three Kingdoms period. The first was the battle of Cao Yuan Guandu, the second was the battle of Cao Sun Chibi, and the third was the battle of Sun Liu Yiling. It was after the Battle of Guandu that Cao Cao established his historical position. This war was fought very hard and arduous. At that time, the two armies were facing each other in a standoff, and Cao’s army was running out of food. We knew what to fight for? In addition to fighting for courage, weapons, and strength, it is important to fight for food and pay. The so-called “food and grass go first before the troops and horses move” means that the war cannot be fought without food. At this time, Cao Cao is practically running out of food and is at a loss. At this time, a counselor named Xu You from Yuan Shao’s camp suddenly defected to Cao Cao, who was overjoyed when he heard the news and “walked out barefoot.”. What is barefoot? There are two possibilities for Cao Cao to come out barefoot to greet Xu You at this time: one is to say he didn’t have time to put on his shoes, perhaps doing something while washing his feet. When he heard that Xu You was coming, he ran out barefoot, overjoyed; The second possibility is to show respect, because the ancient ritual of barefoot is respect. After we learned that Cao Cao later gained a high status, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty gave him a special treatment, which was called “Walking on the Temple with Sword and Shoes”, or “Walking on the Temple with Sword and Shoes”. Sword means carrying a sword. You can wear a sword to see the emperor, and walking on shoes means wearing shoes. This indicates that ordinary people cannot wear shoes to see the emperor. Can you wear socks? Depending on your status, people with high status can “sit in socks” and walk to the seat wearing socks. If you have a lower status, you must be barefoot. So barefoot may be a sign of respect.
这个曹操光着脚冲出去以后怎么样呢？抚掌而笑，摸着手掌哈哈大笑，说哎呀呀呀，子远你来了，“吾事济矣”，我的事情就好办了，然后把许攸请到军帐里坐下。许攸就问了，说曹公，你的情况怎么样啊，“军粮尚有几何”，还有多少军粮啊？曹操说呵呵呵，这个我的军粮很充足啊，足够用一年的。许攸说，错了，重讲。曹操说，半年。许攸说又错了，见到老朋友都不说老实话，说实话吧，再给你一次机会。曹操说，哎呀这个，不好意思，刚才开玩笑，实话告诉你，只够一个月。接着曹操说了一句刘邦最爱说的话，“为之奈何”，怎么办吧？许攸说：“公孤军独守，外无救援，而粮谷已尽，此危机之日也。”说你带着一支军队，孤军深入，粮草已经没有了，这是非常危险的，怎么办呢？我告诉你，在某某地方袁绍藏了一批粮食，有一条什么样的小路你可以过去，你赶紧率轻骑到那个地方焚其粮草，不出三日，袁军必乱。
What will happen after this Cao Cao rushes out barefoot? “Touch your hands and laugh, touch your palms and burst into laughter, saying, ‘Ah, ah, here you come, Ziyuan.’ I’m going to help you, ‘and my business will be easier to handle. Then invite Xu You to sit down in the military tent.”. “Xu You asked, ‘Duke Cao, how is your situation?’ How much food is there? ‘” How much food is there?’ “? Cao Cao said, “Ha ha ha, this is enough for my military rations, enough for a year.”. Xu You said, “Wrong, repeat.”. Cao Cao said, “Half a year.”. Xu You said that he was wrong again. He didn’t tell the truth when he saw an old friend. To be honest, let me give you another chance. Cao Cao said, “Oh, sorry, I was joking just now. To tell you the truth, it only takes one month.”. Then Cao Cao said one of Liu Bang’s favorite words, “What can I do for it?” What should I do? Xu You said, “The public is alone, there is no rescue outside, and the grain has run out. This is the day of the crisis.” Saying that you are taking an army and going deep alone, the grain and grass have run out, which is very dangerous. What should you do? Let me tell you, in a certain place, Yuan Shao has hidden a batch of grain. What kind of path can you cross? Hurry up and lightly ride to that place to burn its grain and grass. Within three days, Yuan’s army will be in chaos.
曹操说太好了，然后自己亲自率领五千骑兵，连夜抄小路过去，换上袁军的服装，碰上沿路的岗哨说是袁公让我们来干什么什么事的，冲到袁营。袁营一看，来了曹军烧粮食，当然也拼死奋战，当时情况非常地紧张。曹操左右的人跑过来说，曹公，敌人来了。曹操说，慌什么？敌人到我背后以后再说这话，上。然后把袁绍的粮草全部烧光，从而扭转了这个局势。
“Cao Cao said it was great, and then he personally led 5000 cavalry troops, copying the path through the night, changing into the clothes of Yuan’s army. He ran into the sentry along the road and said that Yuan Gong had asked us to do something, so he rushed to Yuan Ying.”. Yuan Ying saw that Cao’s army was coming to burn grain, and of course, they were also fighting desperately. At that time, the situation was very tense. The people around Cao Cao ran over and said, Duke Cao, the enemy is coming. Cao Cao said, “What are you lying about?”? Say this again when the enemy comes behind me. Go ahead. Then he burned all of Yuan Shao’s grain and grass, thereby reversing the situation.
