那么这样相持到当年的闰六月，陆逊决定攻击刘备。这个时候吴军将领又不理解了，说打刘备就应该在他刚来的时候，他刚来的时候不是匆匆忙忙，还没有站稳脚跟吗？现在我们已经这么长时候了，刘备已经占了那么多的地方，都扎下脚跟了，这个时候恐怕是打不得的。陆逊说不对，陆逊说我开始的时候为什么不打呢？因为备是猾虏，就是刘备这个家伙狡猾狡猾的，而且他见多识广，一生征战，经验非常丰富，他来的时候一个是气势盛，第二个他想法多，这个时候我们去打他，打不下来。而现在好几个月过去了，刘备自己，我看他也想不出什么主意了，他手下的那些将士都已经疲劳不堪了，天气也变得越来越热了，供给也越来越不足了，士气就越来越消沉了，这个时候是进攻的最好时候。
我们读过《曹刿论战》的都知道，“夫战，勇气也。一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭。”这刘备一次一次地进攻，陆逊都不理睬他，他这个士气就消沉了。所以陆逊说，这个时候是反攻的最好时机。但是即便如此，陆逊还是得沉得住气，他说我们先试一下，就派兵去攻了刘备的一个营寨，结果打败了。手下的将领又哗然，你看你看你看，我们说不能打吧，你白送死啊。陆逊说，没有白送死，我已经知道怎么对付他了。
So in June of that year, Lu Xun decided to attack Liu Bei. At this time, General Wu Jun did not understand again, saying that Liu Bei should have been attacked when he first arrived. Didn’t he come in a hurry and still have a firm foothold? “We have been here for so long now, and Liu Bei has occupied so much space that he has already planted his heels. I’m afraid we can’t fight at this time.”. Lu Xun was wrong. Lu Xun said why didn’t I start playing? “Because Bei is a cunning prisoner, it is Liu Bei who is cunning and cunning. Moreover, he has a wide range of knowledge, a lifetime of military experience, and a wealth of experience. When he came, he was powerful, and the second one was full of ideas. At this time, we can’t beat him.”. “Now that several months have passed, Liu Bei himself, I don’t think he can come up with any ideas. His officers and men are already exhausted, the weather is getting hotter and hotter, the supply is becoming increasingly inadequate, and morale is getting increasingly depressed. This is the best time to attack.”.
As we all know from reading “The Battle of Cao Gui”, “When fighting with others, courage is also required. With one puff of effort, one will fail again and again, and three will be exhausted.” This Liu Bei attacked again and again, and Lu Xun ignored him, and his morale sank. Therefore, Lu Xun said that this is the best time to counter attack. However, even so, Lu Xun still had to calm down. He said that we had a try first, and then sent troops to attack one of Liu Bei’s strongholds, only to be defeated. The general under his command is in an uproar again. Look, look, we said we can’t fight. You’ll die for nothing. “Lu Xun said, ‘I didn’t die in vain. I already know how to deal with him.'”.
＊刘备亲率大军东征孙吴，可以说是来势汹汹，势在必得。战争就像猫捉老鼠的游戏，本来刘备是猫，准备把东吴当作美味的老鼠。可是到了吴地之后，陆逊这只老鼠却只是按兵不动，让刘备军有力使不出来，时间长了，刘备军就有些急躁了。少年老成的陆逊，尽量地避免和刘备军决战，实行龟缩防守的策略，也没有上刘备诱敌深入的圈套。这时，急躁的刘备反而像一只四处乱蹿的老鼠；陆逊则成了一只稳坐中军账中，在寻找敌军破绽的猫。就这样，两军兵马足足对峙了四个月，刘备也趁此得以在吴地扎下了根，并从容地排兵布阵。那么陆逊究竟发现了刘备军的什么破绽呢？
“Liu Bei led his army to the east to invade Sun Wu, which can be said to be a fierce and inevitable attack.”. War is like a game of cat and mouse. Originally, Liu Bei was a cat and was prepared to treat Dongwu as a delicious mouse. However, after arriving at the Wu area, Lu Xun, the mouse, just stood still and let Liu Bei’s army forcefully prevent him from coming out. Over time, Liu Bei’s army became somewhat impatient. Lu Xun, who was a young and mature man, tried to avoid a showdown with Liu Bei’s army and implemented a defensive strategy of shrinking back. He also did not fall into the trap of Liu Bei luring the enemy into depth. At this moment, Liu Bei, who was impatient, instead looked like a rat running around; Lu Xun became a cat sitting firmly in the middle of the Chinese army’s account, searching for enemy flaws. In this way, the two armies faced off for a full four months, and Liu Bei took advantage of this opportunity to take root in the Wu area and calmly arrange their troops. So what flaws did Lu Xun discover about Liu Beijun?
破绽在哪里呢？这就是七百里连营。因为当时刘备的战线拉得很长，七百里，几十座军营一路连过去。当时他这个布阵方式传到曹丕那儿的时候，曹丕就说，这刘备不会打仗啊，哪有这样布阵的，哪有七百里连营可以拒敌的？他说我看孙权的捷报马上就要到了。陆逊也看出了这样一个问题，而且陆逊还看出来了刘备的一个失误是什么呢？就是他把水军全部也搬到了岸上。陆逊当时给孙权写信说，我最怕的就是刘备的水陆并进，我最怕这个；现在一看他水军放弃，全部是变成陆军，而且七百里连营。陆逊说好了，有办法了，你们所有的战士每个人手上拿一把茅草，去打，先攻一个营，攻进去以后就放火。
陆逊手下的将士就按这个办法去进攻，一进攻就得手了，烧了他一座营寨。陆逊马上下命令，大家一起来，军令下达，吴军齐集猇亭，人人杀敌，各个放火，火烧连营，一口气连拔刘备四十座营寨。刘备猝不及防，根本没有还手之力，只好调头就跑，跑到马鞍山。跑到马鞍山以后，陆逊又命令部队向前推进，把马鞍山团团围定。这个时候的情况，把史书的记载，刘备这边叫做“土崩瓦解，死者万数”。刘备只好带着几个随从连夜逃出马鞍山，逃回巫县，后来又逃到永安县，——永安县原来叫鱼复县，刘备把他改为永安县，——逃进白帝城。这个时候，刘备仰天长叹说，我真没有想到会被陆逊这小子给打击和羞辱。看来刘备是太小看陆逊了，刘备和关羽都以为陆逊是个书生，他们不知道，陆逊不是书生，是儒将。刘备仰天长叹说，我败在陆逊手下，恐怕是天意吧。
Where are the flaws? This is the seven hundred mile company camp. At that time, Liu Bei’s battle line was very long, with dozens of military barracks stretching across seven hundred miles. At that time, when his method of arranging the formation spread to Cao Pi, Cao Pi said, “Liu Bei can’t fight. How could anyone arrange the formation like this, or could a company battalion with a distance of seven hundred miles resist the enemy?”? He said that I saw Sun Quan’s good news coming soon. Lu Xun also saw such a problem, and what was one of Liu Bei’s mistakes? It was he who also moved all the sailors to the shore. Lu Xun wrote to Sun Quan at that time and said, “What I am most afraid of is Liu Bei’s simultaneous entry of land and water, and I am most afraid of this;”; Now, when he abandons his navy, all of them become army soldiers, and he has a 700 mile company battalion. Lu Xun has agreed that there is a way out. Each of your soldiers has a handful of straw in their hand, and they go to fight. They attack a battalion first, and set fire when they enter.
Lu Xun’s generals and men attacked in this way, and once they attacked, they succeeded, setting fire to one of his strongholds. Lu Xun immediately ordered everyone to come together, and the military order was issued. The Wu army gathered at Xiaoting, where everyone killed the enemy, set fire to each other, set fire to the company’s camp, and pulled out 40 camps of Liu Bei at one go. Liu Bei was caught off guard and had no strength to fight back. He had to turn around and run to Ma’anshan. After running to Ma On Shan, Lu Xun ordered the troops to advance and encircle Ma On Shan. According to historical records, Liu Bei called the situation at this time “the collapse of the earth, with tens of thousands of dead.”. Liu Bei had to escape from Ma’anshan overnight with several entourages, fled back to Wu County, and later fled to Yong’an County, which was originally called Yufu County, but Liu Bei changed him to Yong’an County, and fled to Baidi City. “At this moment, Liu Bei looked up and sighed, ‘I didn’t expect to be beaten and humiliated by Lu Xun.'”. It seems that Liu Bei underestimated Lu Xun too much. Both Liu Bei and Guan Yu thought Lu Xun was a scholar. They didn’t know that Lu Xun was not a scholar, but a Confucian general. “Liu Bei looked up and sighed, ‘I was defeated by Lu Xun. I’m afraid it was fate.'”.
＊数万蜀军在这场战争中基本上是伤亡殆尽，损失惨重，刘备靠着众将领的死保，才勉强逃入白帝城。蜀国经历了这次灾难性的打击之后，也就基本上失去了和魏吴争夺天下的能力。一生征战的刘备，在六十岁的时候却输给了不到四十岁的后生陆逊，刘备的一世英名从此付之东水；而陆逊，则是靠着火烧七百里的战绩而美名扬。那么，在这场决定蜀国命运的战争中，陆逊究竟是胜在哪里呢？
陆逊的胜利不是天意，而是人谋。在我看来，陆逊能够取得胜利，至少有这么几个原因：
第一是高度重视，志在必得。在猇亭前线，陆逊给孙权写过一封信，信里面一开始就说，夷陵、猇亭这两个地方是国之咽喉，是我们东吴的门户，这个地方是不能丢的；丢掉了这两个地方，不仅仅是失掉一郡之地，整个荆州的安全都得不到保障。所以，这场战争只许胜，不许败，这是第一点。
In this war, tens of thousands of Shu troops were basically completely killed and suffered heavy losses. Liu Bei reluctantly escaped to the Baidi City relying on the death insurance of all the generals. After experiencing this disastrous attack, the Kingdom of Shu basically lost its ability to compete with Wei and Wu for the world. Liu Bei, who had fought all his life, lost at the age of 60 to Lu Xun, a younger student who was less than 40 years old. Liu Bei’s lifelong fame was never lost; Lu Xun, on the other hand, was famous for his record of burning seven hundred miles. So, in this war that determines the fate of Shu, where did Lu Xun win?
Lu Xun’s victory was not a matter of providence, but of human contrivance. In my opinion, there are at least several reasons why Lu Xun was able to win:
The first is to attach great importance and aspire to success. At the front line of Xiaoting, Lu Xun wrote a letter to Sun Quan, stating from the beginning that the two places, Yiling and Xiaoting, are the throat of the country and the gateway of our Eastern Wu state, and this place cannot be lost; “To lose these two places is not only to lose a county, but also to ensure the safety of the entire Jingzhou.”. Therefore, this war is only allowed to win, not to lose. This is the first point.
