这样曹操看来，是非打不可了，于是在建安十七年曹操亲自率领部队，号称四十万人征讨孙权，在建安十八年挺进濡须口。那么这一次战争曹操的准备不足，料敌不周，无功而返。孙权这边是做好了充分的准备，所以战争处于胶着状态，而且对曹操不利。最后曹操只好在他的水军的军寨里面坚守不出，孙权多次挑战曹操也不出来。那么多次挑战曹操不出来以后孙权自己就去了，孙权就驾了一条船进了曹操的水军的营寨，那么进去以后情况怎么样呢？有两种说法，都是《三国志》的裴松之的注里面的，两种说法：一种说法我们在讲《赤壁疑云》这一集的时候讲过，就是孙权的船开进去以后，曹操下令放箭，然后孙权的船就倾斜过来了，孙权又下令把船调一个头，曹操再放箭，船平衡了以后孙权就回去了，这就是“草船借箭”这个故事的原型。另一种说法是孙权的船开进去以后，曹操就知道是孙权来了，就下了一道命令说不要动，不要轻举妄动，也不准放箭，我们就来看孙权怎么看我们。于是，曹操的军队全部严阵以待，但是一根箭都没有放，看着孙权的船在曹操的军港里面转了一个圈。转完圈以后孙权下令说奏乐，然后大家滴哩哇啦滴哩哇啦，鼓吹而去，回去了，曹操点点头说：唉，孙权果然是个英雄。然后就说了一句有名的话：“生子当如孙仲谋”。
In this way, Cao Cao felt that it was necessary to fight, so in the seventeenth year of Jian’an, Cao Cao personally led the army, claiming that 400000 people were fighting against Sun Quan, and in the eighteenth year of Jian’an, he advanced to the mouth of Ruxu. So in this war, Cao Cao’s preparations were insufficient, and he expected the enemy to be careless, and he returned without success. Sun Quan’s side was fully prepared, so the war was in a stalemate and unfavorable to Cao Cao. Finally, Cao Cao had to hold on to his naval stronghold, and Sun Quan repeatedly challenged Cao Cao without coming out. After challenging Cao Cao many times and not coming out, Sun Quan went on his own. Sun Quan took a boat and entered the camp of Cao Cao’s navy. So what happened after entering? There are two statements, both in the notes by Pei Songzhi in “The Records of the Three Kingdoms,” and two statements: One statement we spoke about in the episode “Red Cliff Clouds” is that after Sun Quan’s boat drove in, Cao Cao ordered the arrow to be released, and then Sun Quan’s boat tilted over. Sun Quan ordered the boat to be turned around, and Cao Cao again released the arrow. After the boat was balanced, Sun Quan returned, which is the prototype of the story of “Cao Chuan Borrowing an Arrow.”. Another theory is that after Sun Quan’s boat sailed in, Cao Cao knew it was Sun Quan who was coming, so he issued an order saying, “Don’t move, don’t act rashly, and don’t shoot arrows. Let’s see what Sun Quan thinks of us.”. So, Cao Cao’s army was all in readiness, but not a single arrow was fired. He watched Sun Quan’s ship circle around Cao Cao’s military harbor. After completing the circle, Sun Quan ordered to play music, and then everyone went away with loud and loud encouragement. Cao Cao nodded and said, “Alas, Sun Quan is indeed a hero.”. Then he said a famous saying: “When you give birth to a child, you should be like Sun Zhongmou.”.
＊孙仲谋就是孙权，孙权字仲谋，曹操的意思是说，生个儿子就应该生个像孙权这样的，因为孙权敢在两军交战的时候驾着船驶进曹操水军的营寨，这是需要勇气和胆略的。曹操的感慨也说明他征孙权并没有占到便宜。但在两军对峙，双方处于胶着状态的时候，曹操却因为牵挂自己后方的安稳，在没有分出胜负的情况下撤军了，可以说是又一次半途而废。那么，曹操在下一次战争中还会半途而废吗？
建安十九年，曹操征孙权无功而返，而这个时候，曹操的另一个老对手刘备又从刘璋手中夺得了益州，而益州附近的割据势力张鲁军事力量薄弱，曹操如果不进攻张鲁，张鲁势必会被刘备吞并。刘备势力的扩张，对曹操实现荡平四海、一统九州的理想是一个威胁，所以在建安二十年曹操又开始西征张鲁。那么，前两次战争曹操都是半途而废，这一次曹操还会半途而废吗？
“Sun Zhongmou is Sun Quan, and the word Sun Quan is Zhongmou. Cao Cao means that to have a son, one should have someone like Sun Quan, because Sun Quan dares to sail into the barracks of Cao Cao’s navy when the two armies are at war. This requires courage and daring.”. Cao Cao’s emotion also showed that he had not taken advantage of his Sun Quan. However, during the confrontation between the two armies, when the two sides were in a state of adhesion, Cao Cao withdrew his troops without deciding the outcome because he was concerned about the security of his rear area. It can be said that he gave up halfway again. So, will Cao Cao give up halfway in the next war?
In the 19th year of Jian’an, Cao Cao marched Sun Quan back without success. At this time, another old opponent of Cao Cao, Liu Bei, captured Yizhou from Liu Zhang. However, the separatist forces near Yizhou, Zhang Lu, were weak in military strength. If Cao Cao did not attack Zhang Lu, Zhang Lu would surely be annexed by Liu Bei. The expansion of Liu Bei’s power was a threat to Cao Cao’s ideal of stabilizing the four seas and unifying the nine states. Therefore, in the twentieth year of Jian’an, Cao Cao began to invade Zhang Lu in the west. So, in the previous two wars, Cao Cao gave up halfway. Will he still give up halfway this time?
那么第三件事情，就是平汉中，或者说伐张鲁。这个事情发生在建安二十年，当时曹操已经61岁了，还是亲自率领大军开到了阳平关。曹操的军队一到，张鲁就准备投降，张鲁是没有多少抵抗力的。但是张鲁的弟弟叫张卫，张卫不同意，说打都不打就投降，打一下吧，张鲁说那你就打一下吧。那么这一仗打得非常好玩儿，大概的情况是怎么样的呢？是曹操去进攻平阳关，就发现阳平关不好打。那个时候曹操在张鲁那边有线人，线人跟曹操报告说这个阳平关好打得很；曹操一打发现不好打，就撤军了。撤军以后突然杀了一个回马枪，把张卫给打败了。
The third thing, then, is to attack Zhang and Lu during the Pinghan period. This happened in the 20th year of Jian’an, when Cao Cao was already 61 years old, but he personally led the army to Yangping Pass. As soon as Cao Cao’s army arrived, Zhang Lu was ready to surrender, and Zhang Lu had little resistance. “But Zhang Lu’s younger brother is called Zhang Wei. Zhang Wei disagrees, saying that if you don’t even fight, surrender. Give it a shot, and Zhang Lu says you can give it a shot.”. So this battle was very interesting. What was the general situation like? It was Cao Cao who went to attack the Pingyang Pass and found it difficult to fight. At that time, Cao Cao had an informant at Zhang Lu’s side, and the informant reported to Cao Cao that the Yangping Pass was a good place to fight; As soon as Cao Cao found it difficult to fight, he withdrew his troops. After the withdrawal, Zhang Wei was suddenly defeated by a rifle shot.
但是到底是怎么回事呢？这个史书上记载它有很多很多的说法：一个说法说杀回马枪是曹操的密令，那就是曹操决定杀回马枪；那么第二种说法呢，说是刘晔的建议，刘晔主张杀个回马枪；第三种说法，是事出偶然，就是没打算杀回马枪。这个事出偶然它又有两种说法，一种说是曹操的部队撤退的时候稀里糊涂地开进了张卫的军营，这个张卫这个人一听说是曹操的军队来，他也不知道曹操是撤退，以为是来进攻的，一哄而散，就这么个事，这是一种说法。还有一种说法，说误入张卫军营的不是曹操的军队，是什么呢，数千头麋鹿，山上的那个梅花鹿不知道莫名其妙地几千头冲到张卫军营里去了，张卫的军营就大呼小叫说，曹操来了，一哄而散，那么曹操的军队一看他一哄而散，趁机就杀回来了。反正是搞不清楚了，就是这场战争是稀里糊涂地把它打下来了。
But what exactly is going on? In this historical book, it is recorded that there are many, many statements: one statement says that killing the return lance was Cao Cao’s secret order, that is, Cao Cao decided to kill the return lance; What about the second statement, which is Liu Ye’s suggestion. Liu Ye advocates killing a bullet in the back; The third argument is that something happened by accident, that is, I didn’t plan to kill the horse gun. “This incident happened accidentally, and there are two different versions of it. One is that when Cao Cao’s troops retreated, they muddled into Zhang Wei’s military camp. As soon as Zhang Wei heard that Cao Cao’s troops were coming, he didn’t know that Cao Cao was retreating. He thought he was coming to attack and dispersed in a crowd. This is one version of the story.”. There is also a saying that it was not Cao Cao’s army that entered Zhang Wei’s camp by mistake. What was it? Thousands of milu deer and the sika deer on the mountain somehow rushed to Zhang Wei’s camp, and Zhang Wei’s camp shouted loudly that Cao Cao had come and dispersed in a stampede. As soon as Cao Cao’s army saw him disperse in a stampede, it took the opportunity to kill him back. Anyway, it’s unclear. It’s just that this war was fought in a muddled way.
