江东集团是一个割据一方的地方政权，它的创始人是孙坚，奠基者是孙策，发展壮大使它成为一个独立国家的是孙权。孙坚字文台，史书上说他是孙武之后，这个靠不住，又说他们家世代仕吴，这个大概是靠得住的。孙坚这个人从小就胆识过人，有一次他和他的父亲一起出门坐船，来到一个地方准备靠岸，发现江上很多船都不敢靠岸，为什么呢？因为码头上有一伙强盗正在那儿分赃。当时孙坚十七岁，站在船头看了一下，说这一伙毛贼，可以干掉他们嘛！拎了一把刀他就上岸了，上岸以后他就指指划划。强盗一看，说哎呀，官兵来了，这个小伙子是个指挥官，正在吩咐，什么这边抄后路啊什么东西。强盗就放下赃物，一哄而散，孙坚提起刀就跑，追上一个，啪，头砍下来。那么这件事情就轰动了，轰动了以后，地方政府就任命他做县尉，也就是副县级的公安局长，后来又升到县丞，那就是副县长。但是真正让天下人都知道孙坚，是在董卓之乱的后面。
Jiangdong Group is a separatist local regime. Its founder is Sun Jian, its founder is Sun Ce, and its ambassador for development and strengthening is Sun Quan. “Sun Jian’s character is Wen Tai. According to historical records, he is the descendant of Sun Wu, but this is not reliable. It is also said that his family has been serving Wu for generations, and this may be reliable.”. Sun Jian has been brave and knowledgeable since childhood. Once, he and his father went out on a boat and came to a place to dock. He found that many boats on the river dared not dock. Why? Because there is a gang of robbers on the dock sharing the loot there. At that time, Sun Jian was seventeen years old and stood at the bow of the boat to take a look, saying that this gang of thieves could kill them! With a knife in his hand, he went ashore, and when he got ashore, he pointed and scratched. The robber looked at it and said, “Oh, the officers and soldiers are here. This young man is a commander, and he is giving orders. What are you doing here to take the back road?”. The robbers laid down their loot and dispersed in a crowd. Sun Jian picked up his knife and ran, catching up with one, slapping his head off. “Then this matter became a sensation. After it became a sensation, the local government appointed him as a county lieutenant, that is, a deputy director of public security at the county level. Later, he was promoted to the rank of county prime minister, that is, a deputy county magistrate.”. But it was behind Dong Zhuo’s rebellion that everyone in the world really knew Sun Jian.
我们知道当时董卓在洛阳造乱，袁绍、曹操啊这些人起来组成关东联军讨伐董卓，这个时候孙坚已经担任了长沙太守，也起兵讨伐董卓，但是他这个时候地位还比较低，所以他还是投靠了袁术，作为袁术麾下的一员战将。我们知道关东联军组成以后是日置酒高会，不图进取，只有两个人去打董卓，一个是曹操，打了一下打败了，还有一个就是孙坚。孙坚可是所向披靡，一路凯歌，谁挡他的横他就杀谁，一路上杀了很多人，一直打到洛阳跟前，杀掉了董卓的大将华雄，所以《三国演义》说关羽温酒斩华雄那是编出来的，华雄是孙坚杀的。
这个时候发生了两件事情，一个是袁术这个家伙小心眼，看到孙坚的力量这么强，就害怕将来孙坚不听他的指挥，就扣押孙坚的军粮。孙坚得到消息以后，连夜跑了一百里路去见袁术，孙坚说：请将军想一想，我孙坚和董卓前世无冤后世无仇，我为什么要冒着这么大的风险讨伐董卓呢？——上报效国家，下报答将军，因为袁将军你的家人已经被董卓杀光了，我是给你报仇啊，你为什么还要不相信孙坚呢？袁术说不好意思，军粮给你。第二件事情就是董卓害怕了，董卓派个人去找孙坚，说我们不打了，我们和亲好不好，我们做个儿女亲家。孙坚说什么，说：你董卓祸国殃民，是天底下头号国贼，我恨不得拎着你的脑袋到全国各地去巡回，和什么亲？董卓一听这话吓坏了，劫持了皇帝，劫持了百官，烧了洛阳，跑西安去了。这就是孙坚啊，当之无愧的乱世英雄。
We know that at that time, Dong Zhuo caused chaos in Luoyang, and Yuan Shao and Cao Cao joined forces to form the Guandong United Army to crusade against Dong Zhuo. At this time, Sun Jian had already served as the governor of Changsha and also launched troops to crusade against Dong Zhuo. However, his status at this time was relatively low, so he still defected to Yuan Shu as a general under Yuan Shu’s command. We know that after the formation of the Guandong Allied Army, there was a Japanese liquor gathering, and there was no intention of making progress. Only two people went to fight Dong Zhuo, one was Cao Cao, who defeated him once, and the other was Sun Jian. Sun Jian is invincible, and he will kill whoever stands in his way as he triumphs all the way. He killed many people along the way, all the way to Luoyang, killing Dong Zhuo’s senior general Hua Xiong. Therefore, in “The Romance of the Three Kingdoms”, it is said that Guan Yu Wenjiu beheaded Hua Xiong, which was made up, and Sun Jian killed Hua Xiong.
Two things happened at this time. One was Yuan Shu, who was careful. Seeing Sun Jian’s strength so strong, he was afraid that Sun Jian would not follow his command in the future, and he would detain Sun Jian’s military rations. After Sun Jian received the news, he ran a hundred miles overnight to meet Yuan Shu. Sun Jian said, “General, please think about it. My Sun Jian and Dong Zhuo have no grievances in the past and no feuds in the future. Why should I take such a big risk to crusade against Dong Zhuo?”—— “To serve the country, to repay the general, because General Yuan has killed all your family by Dong Zhuo, and I am avenging you. Why don’t you trust Sun Jian?”? Yuan Shu said, “I’m sorry, here’s the military rations.”. The second thing was that Dong Zhuo was afraid. Dong Zhuo sent someone to find Sun Jian and said, ‘We won’t fight anymore. Shall we make a marriage? Let’s be a daughter in law.’. What did Sun Jian say? He said, “Dong Zhuo is a disaster to the country and the people, and he is the number one national thief in the world. I wish I could carry your head around the country and go on a tour with whom?”? Dong Zhuo was frightened at this, kidnapped the emperor, kidnapped hundreds of officials, burned Luoyang, and ran to Xi’an. This is Sun Jian, a well-deserved hero of chaos.
＊孙坚号称“江东猛虎”，他出身县吏，由镇压黄巾起义起家，到十八路诸侯讨伐董卓时已是长沙太守。孙坚有勇有谋，连当时的董卓都不敢小看，可惜是跟错了人，跟在小心眼的袁术手下，始终不被信任，后来在打刘表的过程中由于轻敌而阵亡，死时年仅37岁。于是，十八岁的长子孙策接替了孙坚未竟的事业，而《三国演义》中的孙策是一个性急少谋的形象，那么历史上的孙策果真是这样的一个人吗？孙策又是凭借什么来子承父业的呢？
Sun Jian is known as the “Jiangdong Tiger”. He was born as a county official and started his family by suppressing the Huangjin Uprising. By the time the Eighteenth Route Marquises attacked Dong Zhuo, he was already the governor of Changsha. Sun Jian was brave and resourceful, and even Dong Zhuo at that time dared not underestimate him. Unfortunately, he had followed the wrong person and was under the cautious Yuan Shu, who was never trusted. Later, he was killed in the process of beating Liu Biao because he belittled the enemy. He died at the age of only 37. Therefore, the 18-year-old eldest son Sun Ce took over Sun Jian’s unfinished career, and the image of Sun Ce in “The Romance of the Three Kingdoms” is a person who is impatient and less resourceful. Is Sun Ceguo really such a person in history? What did Sun Ce rely on to inherit his father’s inheritance?
孙策是个少年英雄，当时吴这个地方的人把孙策和他同年的周瑜呼为孙郎、周郎，就是孙帅哥、周帅哥。而吴郡的太守叫做许贡的上书朝廷，说孙策这个人非常骁勇，就像当年的项羽，因此孙策得到了一个外号，叫做小霸王，小霸王什么意思呢？小项羽。但是在我看来孙策这个人比项羽可爱，我读史书老实说，没怎么发现项羽太多可爱的地方，项羽后来受到人们的同情、喜欢，我觉得有一个很重要的原因就是因为都不喜欢刘邦，刘邦这个人太流氓了，所以同情被刘邦打败的项羽。而在我看来孙策比项羽可爱，孙策人长得非常漂亮，也喜欢漂亮，史书上的说法叫做“美姿颜”。他第二个特点是性格好，叫做“好笑语”，喜欢说笑话，“性阔达”，就是很大度，所以史书上说，“士民见者，莫不尽心，乐为致死”，就是一些士人也好，老百姓也好，见到孙策都非常喜欢他，愿意为他去死，可见其人格魅力。
Sun Ce was a young hero. At that time, people in Wu called Sun Ce and Zhou Yu of his same year Sun Lang and Zhou Lang, that is, Sun Shuaige and Zhou Shuaige. The governor of Wu County, Xu Gong, wrote to the court that Sun Ce was very brave, just like Xiang Yu in those days. Therefore, Sun Ce got a nickname, “Little Overlord.” What does Little Overlord mean? Xiao Xiang Yu. However, in my opinion, Sun Ce is more adorable than Xiang Yu. To be honest, I haven’t found much adorable about Xiang Yu since I read historical books. Xiang Yu was later sympathized and liked by people. I think one important reason is that they didn’t like Liu Bang. Liu Bang is too rogue, so they sympathized with Xiang Yu who was defeated by Liu Bang. In my opinion, Sun Ce is cuter than Xiang Yu. Sun Ce is very beautiful and likes to be beautiful. According to historical records, it is called “Meizi Yan”. His second characteristic is his good personality, which is called “funny language”. He likes to tell jokes and is “broad-minded”, which means he is generous. Therefore, historical records say, “Scholars and people who see each other are always devoted, and joy is fatal.” Even some scholars and ordinary people, when they see Sun Ce, like him very much and are willing to die for him, which shows his charm.
孙策和项羽不同的一点还在于他善于用人，大家听过我讲汉代风云人物的都知道，项羽失败的一个重要原因是他不会用人，刘邦后来做了一个总结嘛，说项羽就一个范增，还不会用，他哪儿有不失败的呢？但是孙策很善于用人，孙策的手下有很多的人才，当然有一些是他父亲给他留下来的，比方说程普、黄盖啊，但是他自己也招募了一些人才，吸引了一些人才，比方说周瑜，比方说张昭。张昭是一个很有文采的人，很能干的人，而且写得一笔好字，所以张昭到了孙策那里，孙策让他当秘书长，把军务政务都交给张昭。所以当时甚至到这种程度，就是北方的那些文人、士大夫、那些名士都只知道江东有一个张昭，不知道江东有一个孙策，给江东写信总是把这些功劳都归于张昭。张昭接到信他就紧张啊，这个事情怎么办呢？我把这些信给他看，好像我在炫耀自己，我不吭气瞒着孙策那我更加说不清楚了，好像我有个人野心，很为难。
The difference between Sun Ce and Xiang Yu is also that he is good at employing people. As everyone who has heard me talk about the influential figures of the Han Dynasty knows, one of the important reasons for Xiang Yu’s failure is that he cannot employ people. Liu Bang later made a summary, saying that Xiang Yu is just a model addition and still cannot use people, where can he not fail? But Sun Ce is very good at employing people. Sun Ce’s subordinates have many talents, of course some of them were left behind by his father, such as Cheng Pu and Huang Gai. However, he has also recruited some talents and attracted some talents, such as Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao was a very talented and capable person, and he wrote well. Therefore, Zhang Zhao went to Sun Ce and Sun Ce made him Secretary General, handing over all military affairs to Zhang Zhao. So at that time, even to this extent, the literati, scholarly officials, and famous scholars in the north only knew that there was a Zhang Zhao in Jiangdong, and they did not know that there was a Sun Ce in Jiangdong. Writing to Jiangdong always attributed all these merits to Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao was nervous when he received the letter. What should he do about this matter? “When I showed him these letters, it seemed like I was showing off. I didn’t say anything and kept it from Sun Ce, which made me even more confused. It seemed like I had personal ambitions and was embarrassed.”.
