因此我们可以说，在街亭失利之后，诸葛亮的善后处理非常得当，做得好，做得对，应该大书特书。但是我们也就因此有了一个问题：既然做得对，为什么要哭呢？
＊马谡的街亭之失，使诸葛亮失去了一次统一中原的重要机会，也给蜀汉方面增加了许多不利的因素。而从前面易中天先生的分析来看，马谡失街亭后，诸葛亮对各方的处理都非常得当，体现了诸葛亮的一贯风格和态度，不免让人心生敬畏之情。其中，有一个细节让人迷惑不解，在处决马谡时，诸葛亮是失声痛哭、泪流满面。这是痛失爱将的惋惜，还是另有隐情呢？诸葛亮为什么哭呢？
陈迩冬先生对此有一个解释，认为诸葛亮的哭有四个原因：惜马谡，马谡杀了可惜；悼将士，因为战争失败了，有很多战士牺牲了，要悼念他们；恨自己；思先帝。为什么恨自己、思先帝呢？因为刘备生前曾特地交待过，刘备对诸葛亮说：“马谡言过其实，不可大用，君其察之。”刘备说先生啊，马谡这个人是个夸夸其谈的，这个人是不可以重用的，你一定要注意。没注意，错用了，恨自己没有听先帝的话，追思先帝的英名。四个原因。
那么严冷先生也提出了一个原因，严冷先生的《三国史话》里面提出来，说诸葛亮斩马谡为什么挥泪呢？要从《三国志·诸葛亮传》的那五个字去找原因。哪五个字呢？“戮谡已谢众”。也就是说诸葛亮为什么要杀马谡？是为了平息众怒。按照严冷先生的观点，诸葛亮杀马谡不仅是严明军纪，也是平息众怒。为什么要平息众怒呢？因为诸葛亮重用马谡是违众的。当时讨论谁做先锋的问题的时候，大家都主张用谁呢？一个是魏延，一个是吴壹。但是诸葛亮不用，偏要用马谡。当然诸葛亮是统帅，是丞相，他要用马谡大家没有话说；如果用了马谡，马谡打赢了以后大家也没有话说；那么现在你用了一个不该用的人，你打输了，你打败了，这个话怎么说？何况大家想一想，魏延是什么人？先帝宠信，刘备是非常喜欢魏延的。吴壹是什么人？当今国舅。马谡是什么人？先帝说清楚了，“不可大用”。也就是说诸葛亮的重用马谡是既违旨，违背了先帝的遗旨，又违众。那大家就要问了，你为什么啊？你为什么要又违旨，又违众呢？就他是你小兄弟是不是，任人唯亲了吧？还有呢，你现在打败了仗，要不要追究责任啊？要不要追究你这位统帅的领导责任呢？没有办法，只好把马谡杀了，谢众。因为是不得已而杀马谡，所以悲愤之情油然而生，想起这个事情来就痛哭流涕。这是严冷先生的观点。
Therefore, we can say that after the failure of Jieting, Zhuge Liang’s handling of the aftermath was very appropriate. He did a good job and did the right thing, which should be written in great detail. But we also have a question: If we did the right thing, why should we cry?
The loss of Ma Su’s Jieting made Zhuge Liang lose an important opportunity to unify the Central Plains, and also added many unfavorable factors to the Shu Han side. From the previous analysis by Mr. Yi Zhongtian, it can be seen that after Ma Su lost the Jieting, Zhuge Liang handled all parties very appropriately, reflecting Zhuge Liang’s consistent style and attitude, which inevitably made people feel in awe. Among them, there is one detail that makes people puzzled. During the execution of Ma Su, Zhuge Liang burst into tears and tears. Is this a pity for the loss of a beloved general, or is there another secret? Why did Zhuge Liang cry?
Mr. Chen Wandong has an explanation for this, and believes that Zhuge Liang’s tears have four reasons: cherishing Ma Su, Ma Su’s killing was a pity; Mourning the soldiers, because the war has failed and many soldiers have died, we should mourn them; Hate oneself; Think of the Emperor Xiandi. Why do you hate yourself and miss the first emperor? Because Liu Bei had made a special confession before his death, Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, “Ma Su’s words are exaggerated, and you should not use them too much. You should observe them.” Liu Bei said, Sir, Ma Su is a talkative person, and this person cannot be reused. You must be careful. “I didn’t pay attention, misused it, and hated myself for not listening to the words of the late emperor, remembering his name.”. Four reasons.
So Mr. Yan Leng also proposed a reason. It was mentioned in Mr. Yan Leng’s “Historical Tales of the Three Kingdoms” that why did Zhuge Liang shed tears when he beheaded Ma Su? We need to find out the reason from the five words in “Three Kingdoms Annals: Biography of Zhuge Liang”. What are the five words? “The killing of Su has already withered away.”. So why did Zhuge Liang want to kill Ma Su? It is to appease public anger. According to Mr. Yan Leng, Zhuge Liang’s killing of Ma Su was not only a strict military discipline, but also a way to quell public anger. Why should we quell the public anger? Because it was against the public for Zhuge Liang to appoint Ma Su. When discussing the question of who should be the pioneer, everyone advocated using whom? One is Wei Yan, and the other is Wu Yi. But Zhuge Liang didn’t use it, preferring to use Ma Su. Of course, Zhuge Liang is the commander in chief and the prime minister. He wants to use Ma Su’s words, which everyone has no words to say; If Ma Su was used, everyone would have nothing to say after Ma Su won the battle; So now that you’ve used someone you shouldn’t have used, you’ve lost, you’ve defeated, what do you say? Let’s think about it. Who is Wei Yan? The late Emperor favored and trusted Liu Bei, who was very fond of Wei Yan. Who is Wu Yi? Today’s national uncle. Who is Ma Su? The Emperor Xiandi made it clear, “Don’t use it too much.”. In other words, Zhuge Liang’s emphasis on Ma Su was both contrary to the edict, the legacy of the previous emperor, and against the public. Then everyone will ask, why are you? Why do you disobey both the will and the public? He’s your little brother, isn’t he, cronyism? What’s more, you have defeated the war now. Do you want to pursue responsibility? Should we hold you, the commander in chief, accountable for your leadership? There was no way but to kill Ma Su and thank everyone. “Because it was a last resort to kill Ma Su, a feeling of sadness and indignation arose spontaneously, and the thought of this incident made me cry bitterly.”. This is Mr. Yan Leng’s view.
