就变成张昭也变重要了，丞相这个职务也变重要了，而孙权是既不希望张昭太重要，也不希望丞相太重要，所以他绝对不能用张昭做丞相，讲清楚了吗？那我们下面又要问了，孙权这个考虑他主要的不希望张昭重要呢还是不希望丞相重要，到底不希望哪个重要？我们先说张昭，孙权肯定是不希望张昭太重要的，为什么呢？张昭非同一般，前期那些老臣周瑜、鲁肃、吕蒙这些人在孙权设丞相职务之前已经去世了，那么老一代的、老一辈的就是张昭，而张昭又是什么呢？托孤之臣，而且孙策是说了这样话的“若仲谋不任事者，君便自取之”，当然这个话是孙策的非常之托，张昭也不会动不动就会把这个话拿出来的，总归不爽的或者不自在吧，万一拿出来呢，万一他作为丞相提出的建议和吴王的决策发生了冲突的时候，就是相权和皇权冲突的时候，他把这打牌打出来怎么办？
那时候听谁的，而且事实上张昭也以托孤之事自重，张昭退居二线以后基本上就是不来上班了，后来遇到一点事情孙权就去找他，到他家里去看他，张昭本来是跪坐在席位上，一看孙权来了，张昭马上避席，避席我们讲过了《汉代风云人物》，避席来表示尊敬，孙权马上跪坐，伸直腰子坐下来，坐定以后张昭就说了：说想当年，桓王和太后就是孙策和吴夫人不以老臣属陛下，而以陛下属老臣。这句话很重，就是当年孙策和吴夫人可不是把老臣我交给你，可是把你交给老臣我的，讲清楚了这个帐，谁归谁管，可惜老臣这个人不知趣嘛，不会说话嘛，不会讨人喜欢嘛，所以受冷遇嘛，老臣以为这一辈子就死在荒郊野外了嘛，没想到陛下还来看老臣，看归看，老臣这个人这个性子是不会改的，老臣之所以这样做就因为太后和桓王托付了老臣，所老臣想什么就说什么，要老臣琢磨着别人的心思说人家喜欢听的话老臣做不到。
It turns out that Zhang Zhao has also become important, and the position of prime minister has also become important. Sun Quan neither wants Zhang Zhao to be too important, nor does he want the prime minister to be too important, so he absolutely cannot use Zhang Zhao as prime minister. Is that clear? So let’s ask again, Sun Quan’s main consideration is whether he doesn’t want Zhang Zhao to be important or doesn’t want the Prime Minister to be important. Which one is important? Let’s start with Zhang Zhao. Sun Quan certainly doesn’t want Zhang Zhao to be too important, why? Zhang Zhao is extraordinary. Those old ministers Zhou Yu, Lu Su, and Lv Meng in the early days had already passed away before Sun Quan established the position of prime minister. So the older generation, the older generation, was Zhang Zhao, and what was Zhang Zhao? “If Zhongmou is not in charge, you will take it yourself,” Sun Ce said. Of course, this is an extraordinary request from Sun Ce, and Zhang Zhao will not take it out easily. It’s always uncomfortable or uncomfortable. What if it comes out, when Wan Yi’s proposal as prime minister conflicts with the decision of the King of Wu, it’s when the power of the prime minister conflicts with the power of the emperor. “, What if he plays this card?
At that time, who heard it from, and in fact, Zhang Zhao also valued himself for supporting orphans. After Zhang Zhao retired from the second tier, he basically didn’t come to work. Later, when something happened, Sun Quan went to see him at his home. Zhang Zhao was originally sitting on his knees at his seat, but when he saw Sun Quan coming, Zhang Zhao immediately avoided the banquet. We talked about “The Man of the Han Dynasty”, and avoided the banquet to show respect. Sun Quan immediately knelt down and straightened his waist and sat down, After sitting down, Zhang Zhao said, “In those days, King Huan and the Empress Dowager were Sun Ce and Mrs. Wu, not the old minister but the old minister.”. This sentence is very important. In those days, Sun Ce and Mrs. Wu didn’t hand me over to you, but they handed you over to me. After clarifying the account, who should be in charge of it, it’s a pity that I’m not interesting, can’t speak, and can’t be liked. Therefore, I was given a cold shoulder. I thought I’d die in the wilderness all my life. Unexpectedly, Your Majesty still came to see me. Look, I won’t change my temperament, The reason why I did this was because the Empress Dowager and King Huan entrusted me with saying whatever I thought, asking me to ponder others’ thoughts and say what others liked, and I couldn’t do it.
孙权没办法：是是是，你该怎么说就怎么说吧，也是不爽的，还可以举一个例子：嘉和元年的时候，这个时候孙权已经当皇帝了，辽东太守魏国的，辽东太守公孙渊他装模作样地向吴国称臣，那么孙权就封他为燕王，然后派了一万人、两个人重要的大臣去封王，大家都说这个公孙渊这个人是靠不住的，这个人反复无常，是个小人，他肯定是忽悠我们的，我们就把他的使节打发回去给些钱，给个证书算了，孙权高兴得不得了，说不行，隆重地封他为燕王，所有人都去劝，没有用，张昭也去劝，还是没有用，然后张昭说了一句，孙权就驳一句，张昭说一句，孙权就驳一句，两个人说着说着话赶话，越赶这个矛盾就越尖锐，最后孙权忍无可忍把刀拔出来了：孙公啊，我们吴国的士人进宫拜联，出宫拜君，进了我皇宫的是拜联，出了皇宫人家跪拜的都是你，联对你也够给面子的了，可是，张公你从来不给联面子，每次都是当着这么多的人面跟联顶撞，联可是要犯错误了，联可是忍不住了啊，联要犯错误了，就是我要杀你了。张昭也不说话了，盯着孙权看“熟视”看就看，然后说：唉，陛下，其实老臣也知道不说白不说，说了也白说，为什么还要说呢？
太后的遗言言犹在耳啊！太后嘱咐臣的那些话是什么时候说的，是太后临终之前把臣叫到她的床跟前说的啊，然后泪流满面，涕泪纵横，孙权把刀一扔也哭了，君臣二人抱头痛哭，但是孙权哭归哭，做归做，哭完散了会以后他还是把人派到辽东去了，张昭一气之下再不上朝，而且事实证明孙权是错了，孙权派过去的使节到了辽东就被公孙渊给杀了，张昭再不上朝，孙权说好啊，你不上朝，来人啊，用土把张昭的门给我垒起来，把他家门封起来，张昭说你会封门我不会封吗？我在家里面挖土封，他在里面也砌个墙把门封起来，孙权也拿他没办法，孙权只好借一次外出的机会去看他，在外面喊，里面没有搭理，孙权一怒之下说放火，就放火，放火以后张昭在里面说把门给我关得更紧一点，把他有门都关起来让他烧，孙权也没有办法说灭火灭火灭火，灭火灭完了没办法，孙权只好站在他家门口站着，罚站嘛，这个时候张昭的儿子也知道这个事不能再这样闹下去，人家毕竟是皇上，于是把张昭从床上弄起来拿个担架抬着抬出去，然后跟孙权一起进宫，孙权还做检讨，深刻检讨，你想张昭这个时候已经半退休状态，退居二线啊，还这么硬这么厉害，他当了丞相还得了。所以孙权不希望张昭太重，孙权也不希望他的丞相太重，他看看他的几任丞相，第一任孙邵我已经说了连个传都没有的，估计是个阿弥陀佛的。第二任顾雍呢也很会做人，顾雍做丞相他有几个原则：第一，他从不主动说话，孙权问他他才说。
Sun Quan can’t help it: Yes, yes, let’s say what you want to say. It’s also uncomfortable. Another example: In the first year of Jiahe, Sun Quan was already emperor. In the Wei state, the governor of Liaodong, and Gongsun Yuan, the governor of Liaodong, pretended to be a minister to the Wu state. So Sun Quan made him King of Yan, and then sent 10000 people, two important ministers, to make him king. Everyone said that Gongsun Yuan was unreliable, This man is capricious and a villain. He must have deceived us, so we sent his envoy back to give us some money and a certificate. Sun Quan was overjoyed and said no, solemnly declaring him King of Yan. Everyone tried to persuade him, but it was no use. Zhang Zhao also tried to persuade him, but it was still no use. Then Zhang Zhao said something, and Sun Quan refuted it. Zhang Zhao said something, and Sun Quan refuted it. The two of them rushed to talk, “The more I catch up with this contradiction, the sharper it becomes. Finally, Sun Quan couldn’t bear to pull out his knife. Sun Gong, the scholars of the State of Wu went into the palace to worship couplets, and out of the palace to worship monarchs. Those who went into my palace to worship couplets, and those who went out of the palace to kneel down were all you, and the couplets were enough to give you face. However, Zhang Gong, you never give face couplets, and every time you contradict them in front of so many people, the couplets are about to make mistakes, but they can’t bear it anymore.”, Lian must have made a mistake. I’m going to kill you. Zhang Zhao stopped speaking, stared at Sun Quan and said, “Your Majesty, in fact, I also know that I don’t want to say anything and I don’t want to say anything. Why do I still want to say it?”?
The Queen Mother’s last words are still in my ears! When did the Empress Dowager say those words to her minister? Before she died, the Empress Dowager called her minister to her bed and said them. Tears streamed down her face. Sun Quan threw the knife and cried as well. The monarch and his minister hugged each other and wept bitterly, but Sun Quan wept and did it. After the meeting, he still sent someone to Liaodong. Zhang Zhao was angry and never went to court again, and the facts proved that Sun Quan was wrong, When Sun Quan sent his former envoy to Liaodong, he was killed by Gongsun Yuan. If Zhang Zhao doesn’t go to court again, Sun Quan said, “Okay, if you don’t go to court, come here, use earth to build Zhang Zhao’s door for me, and seal his family’s door. Zhang Zhao said you would seal the door, but I won’t seal it?”? “I dug soil inside my home to seal it, and he also built a wall inside to seal the door. Sun Quan couldn’t help but take him out. Sun Quan had to take a chance to visit him and shout outside, but there was no response inside. Sun Quan angrily said to set fire and set it on fire. After setting the fire, Zhang Zhao said inside to close the door tighter for me, close all his doors and let him burn. Sun Quan also couldn’t say to put out the fire, and there was no way to put it out after the fire was extinguished.”, Sun Quan had to stand at the door of his house and punish him. At this time, Zhang Zhao’s son also knew that this matter could not continue like this. After all, they were the emperor, so they took Zhang Zhao out of bed and carried him out on a stretcher, and then went into the palace with Sun Quan. Sun Quan also conducted a thorough review. Do you think Zhang Zhao was already semi retired and retired from the second tier at this time, and he was still so tough and fierce that he could still become a prime minister. So Sun Quan didn’t want Zhang Zhao to be too heavy, and Sun Quan didn’t want his prime minister to be too heavy. He looked at several of his prime ministers, and the first one, Sun Shao, I already said that he didn’t even have a biography. It’s probably from Amitabha. The second term Gu Yong was also very good at being a person. As Prime Minister, Gu Yong had several principles: First, he never spoke voluntarily, and Sun Quan asked him before he spoke.
第二，他从不背后说话，当面跟孙权说。第三他不从象张昭那样慷慨陈词，说个没完，他往往就是一两句话。比方说有一次开会的时候张昭又起来慷慨陈词了，说现在这个刑法也太繁了，赋税也太重了，民不聊生了，我们要改啊，什么什么如何发了一通，孙权不说话，等张昭说完了以后，孙权回过头来说丞相的意见呢？顾雍只有一句话臣听说的和张公说的一样，没了，所以顾雍是把丞相当顾问来做的，这就摸准了孙权设相的形式，孙权要的就是一个顾问型的丞相，而不是一个总理型的丞相，他的要求是什么呢？到位不越位，帮忙不添乱，有事做顾问，没事做象征，所以顾雍做对了，一做19年，76岁去世，寿终正寝，善终。
画外音：根据前面易中天先生的讲述，孙权任用孙邵和顾雍，不用张昭是因为孙权对丞相之位有自己的设想，他要的是一个顾问型的丞相，而不是一个总理型的，因此张昭的受冷落我们就好理解了，而在孙权的第二任丞相顾雍去世之后，孙权启用了大名鼎鼎的陆逊担任丞相，陆逊是东吴后期升起的一颗新星，其才能与周瑜不相上下，但奇怪的是，陆逊仅仅担任丞相一年就被逼而死，这是为什么呢？难道孙权的丞相之位就只能是一个无用的摆设吗？
陆逊担任吴国的第三任丞相是大有文章，陆家和孙家是有仇的，有国恨家仇，吕蒙担任上游统帅的时候不是先生病后去世吗？孙权两次问他继任人，吕蒙说陆逊。
画外音：陆家和孙家的矛盾应该从袁术说起，当时陆逊的从祖父陆康是东汉末年的庐江太守，袁术在寿春时因为没有军粮便向陆康求援，陆康认为袁术是“叛逆”不予理睬，袁术大怒，派孙策去打陆康，这战战争足足打了两年，最后城被攻破，七十岁的陆康也在一个月以后发病而死，当时追随陆康的陆氏宗族一百多人也受尽了苦难，差不多死了一半。所以陆家和孙家是有国恨家仇的，孙权对陆逊也就不能不有所保留，但一方面出于政治需要孙权对陆家不能不笼络借重，另一方面要是真重用陆逊孙权也会犹豫，所以吕蒙两次向孙权推荐陆逊，孙权才任命陆逊为丞相。
Secondly, he never speaks behind his back, but to Sun Quan in person. Third, he doesn’t want to be as eloquent as Zhang Zhao. He often just says one or two sentences without finishing. For example, during a meeting, Zhang Zhao got up and made an impassioned statement again, saying that the current criminal law is too complex, the taxes are too heavy, and the people are struggling to make ends meet. We need to change it. What’s the matter? How did Sun Quan send a message, but Sun Quan didn’t speak? After Zhang Zhao finished speaking, Sun Quan turned back and said the Prime Minister’s opinion? Gu Yong only had one sentence. I heard that it was the same as what Duke Zhang said. It’s gone. So Gu Yong used the prime minister as a consultant, which determined the form of Sun Quan’s establishment. Sun Quan wanted a consultant type prime minister, not a premier type prime minister. What was his request? Gu Yong did the right thing. He worked for 19 years and passed away at the age of 76. He died peacefully and peacefully.
Voice over: According to the previous statement by Mr. Yi Zhongtian, Sun Quan appointed Sun Shao and Gu Yong without using Zhang Zhao because Sun Quan had his own vision for the position of prime minister. He wanted a consultant type prime minister, not a prime minister type. Therefore, we can easily understand Zhang Zhao’s neglect. After Sun Quan’s second prime minister, Gu Yong, passed away, Sun Quan employed the famous Lu Xun as prime minister, Lu Xun was a rising star in the late Eastern Wu Dynasty, with a talent comparable to that of Zhou Yu. However, it is strange that Lu Xun was forced to die after only serving as prime minister for one year. Why is this? Could Sun Quan’s position as prime minister only be a useless decoration?
Lu Xun’s appointment as the third prime minister of the State of Wu is highly influential. The Lu and Sun families have feuds, and some countries hate their families. Didn’t Mr. Lu Meng die of illness when he served as the commander in chief of the upper reaches? Sun Quan asked his successor twice, and Lv Meng said Lu Xun.
Voice over: The conflict between the Lu family and the Sun family should begin with Yuan Shu. At that time, Lu Kang, Lu Xun’s grandfather, was the governor of the Lujiang River in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Yuan Shu asked Lu Kang for help because he had no military rations during Shouchun. Lu Kang thought Yuan Shu was “rebellious” and ignored him. Yuan Shu was furious and sent Sun Ce to fight against Lu Kang. The war lasted for two years, and finally the city was breached. At the age of 70, Lu Kang also fell ill and died a month later, At that time, more than 100 people of the Lu clan who followed Lu Kang also suffered, almost half of whom died. Therefore, the Lu family and the Sun family have a national hatred and family feud, and Sun Quan must have reservations about Lu Xun. However, on the one hand, Sun Quan cannot refrain from soliciting and lending support to the Lu family due to political needs, and on the other hand, if he really uses Lu Xun and Sun Quan, he will hesitate. Therefore, Lv Meng recommended Lu Xun to Sun Quan twice, and Sun Quan appointed Lu Xun as prime minister.
