那么在这个时候，就发生了第三件事情，张郃反水。张郃也是袁绍手下的一员大将，比颜良、文丑其实还好，颜良、文丑是有勇无谋，张郃是有勇有谋。当时袁绍这面得到曹操奇袭乌巢的消息以后，张郃就向袁绍提出来，必须立即增援乌巢，如果我们把乌巢丢了，我们连退路都没有了，我们肯定是一败涂地。但是袁绍手下有个谋士叫做郭图的不赞成，郭图说我们现在应该去打官渡，我们一打官渡，那曹操走到一半儿他就会回来救官渡，乌巢之围不解自救。袁绍觉得郭图这个办法好，就采纳郭图的办法，派一支很不怎么样的军队，派轻兵去救援乌巢，派重兵去攻打官渡。张郃说，主公这样不行，官渡这个地方是曹操的大本营，我们哪里是一会儿工夫能够拿下来的，要能够拿下来我早拿下来了，我们打了这么久就因为它拿不下来嘛，救乌巢吧！袁绍说不不不，就这样，打官渡。结果怎么样呢？乌巢失守，军粮全部烧光，而官渡打不下来。这个结果就证明郭图的这个主意出错了，对不对，郭图就很紧张，紧张以后他干什么事？他跑到袁绍那儿去打小报告，说主公，张郃听说我们丢了乌巢他幸灾乐祸呀，他说证明他正确。郭图拿准了袁绍这个家伙死要面子，袁绍马上起了疑心。张郃一看这下子完了，前方失利，后院失火，走投无路，和他部下高览一合计，算了，咱投降吧，把战车一烧，举起旗子来投降曹操。
At this time, the third thing happened, Zhang He turned against the water. Zhang He was also a senior general under Yuan Shao, who was actually better than Yan Liang and Wen Chou. Yan Liang and Wen Chou were brave and scheming, while Zhang He was brave and scheming. After receiving the news from Yuan Shao about Cao Cao’s surprise attack on Wu Chao, Zhang He proposed to Yuan Shao that we must immediately reinforce Wu Chao. If we lose Wu Chao, we will have no way out, and we will definitely lose. However, one of Yuan Shao’s advisers, Guo Tu, disagreed. Guo Tu said that we should go to fight Guandu now. Once we fight Guandu, Cao Cao will come back to rescue Guandu in the middle of his journey, and the siege of Wuchao cannot be resolved. Yuan Shao thought Guo Tu’s approach was good, so he adopted Guo Tu’s approach and sent a very poor army, sending light troops to rescue Wu Chao and sending heavy troops to attack Guandu. Zhang He said, “Lord, this is not good. Guandu is the stronghold of Cao Cao. Where can we take it down in a while? If we could, I would have taken it down already. We have been fighting for so long because it cannot be taken down. Save Wu Chao!”! Yuan Shao said no, no, no, no, that’s it, fight Guandu. What was the result? The Wu Nest fell, and all the military rations were burned up, while the Guandu couldn’t be defeated. This result proves that Guo Tu’s idea was wrong, right? Guo Tu is very nervous. After being nervous, what will he do? He ran to Yuan Shao to make a small report and said, Lord, Zhang He was glad to hear that we had lost the Black Nest. He said he was right. Guo Tu took advantage of Yuan Shao, a fellow who wanted to save face. Yuan Shao immediately became suspicious. At first glance, Zhang He saw that it was over. He lost in the front, caught fire in the backyard, and had no choice. He and his subordinate Gao Lan summed up. Forget it, let’s surrender. Let’s burn the chariot and raise the flag to surrender to Cao Cao.
这个时候张郃是在官渡，曹操在乌巢还没有回来，正在从乌巢回来的路上，守官渡的是曹操的军师荀攸和曹操的大将曹洪。当时张郃和高览带着部队来投降，曹洪说这是真降还是诈降？荀攸说不要犹豫了曹将军，赶快开门，肯定是真投降，打开营门，张郃进来。张郃投降以后曹操从乌巢也回来了，大喜过望，拉住张郃的手，这是韩信降了刘邦啊！
官渡之战的第四个阶段决胜阶段
At this time, Zhang He was at Guandu, and Cao Cao had not yet returned from Wuchao. He was on his way back from Wuchao. The officers guarding the Guandu were Cao Cao’s military adviser Xun You and Cao Cao Cao’s senior general Cao Hong. At that time, Zhang He and Gao Lan brought their troops to surrender. Cao Hong said whether this was a genuine surrender or a fake surrender? Xun You said, “Don’t hesitate, General Cao. Open the door quickly. It must be true surrender. Open the camp door and Zhang He comes in.”. After Zhang He surrendered, Cao Cao also returned from the Black Nest. He was overjoyed and grabbed Zhang He’s hand. This was Han Xin’s surrender to Liu Bang!
The fourth stage of the Battle of Guandu: the decisive stage
好了，刘备开溜，袁绍失了外援；许攸叛逃，袁绍丢了智囊；张郃反水，袁绍折了臂膀。三件事情都证明袁绍大势已去，战争迅速进入第四阶段：“决胜阶段”。这个阶段就简单了，就是曹操按照贾诩的建议，集中兵力进行反攻，而袁绍这边已经军心大乱了，不堪一击，袁绍本人带着他的长子袁谭跳上马掉头就往北跑，什么都顾不上了。稀里哗啦的，这场战争就结束了。
Well, Liu Bei slipped away, and Yuan Shao lost foreign aid; Xu You defected and Yuan Shao lost his brain trust; Zhang He turned back and Yuan Shao folded his arm. Three things have proved that Yuan Shao’s situation is over, and the war quickly entered the fourth stage: the “decisive victory stage”. This stage is simple. Cao Cao concentrated his forces on the counterattack as suggested by Jia Xu, while Yuan Shao’s side was already in turmoil and vulnerable to a single attack. Yuan Shao himself and his eldest son, Yuan Tan, jumped onto the horse and turned around and ran north, ignoring everything. The war was over with a crash.
曹操来到袁绍的大帐里面，发现袁绍的大帐里面放着图书、珍宝、古玩，你说你出去行军打仗你带这些东西干什么？干什么，摆谱。袁绍总认为自己名士风流，儒将风度，走到哪儿都把书啊、什么珍宝古玩都带着，弄个架子架着，擦得干干净净的，这个风度好极了，结果呢，全部变成了曹操的战利品。这件事情是在建安五年的十月，这一仗以后，袁绍集团一蹶不振。
＊官渡之战，以曹操的全面胜利而宣告结束，曹操以少胜多，出奇制胜地击败了袁绍的十万大军。这一战，使曹操最终在黄河中下游流域、当时中国最繁荣、文化最发达的地区奠定了他无可争辩的统治地位。而失败了的袁绍最终的下场和命运又将怎样呢？
Cao Cao came to Yuan Shao’s big tent and found books, treasures, and antiques in Yuan Shao’s big tent. Why did you bring these things when you went out to fight? What are you doing? Put on a show. Yuan Shao always believed that he had the demeanor of a famous scholar and a Confucian general. He carried books and treasures and antiques with him wherever he went, put them on a shelf and wiped them clean. This demeanor was excellent, and as a result, they all became trophies of Cao Cao. This incident occurred in October of the fifth year of Jian’an, and after this war, the Yuan Shao Group was unable to recover.
“The Battle of Guandu ended with Cao Cao’s overall victory. Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao’s 100000 troops by surprise, defeating many with a small number.”. This war ultimately established Cao Cao’s indisputable dominance in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the most prosperous and culturally developed region in China at that time. And what will the ultimate fate and fate of Yuan Shao, who failed?
