但是东吴方面他不这样理解，他的逻辑是这地方谁打下来的就是谁的，江陵是我们周瑜打下来的，那就是我们的，给你用可以，借。所以我看一开始两家就没有对这个借的问题讲清楚，东吴方面认为是借，荆州方面认为是拿。何况就算是借吧，那也是老虎借猪，刘备就没想还过。所以就是这一个“借”字留下了或者说埋下了孙刘两家联盟破裂的伏笔。那么接下来我们就自然而然地想到一个问题，既然如此，孙权为什么肯“借”？打引号，“借”字打个引号，他怎么肯“借”呢？答案是四个字：“公拒曹公”，就是为了共同地对付曹操。因此据《三国志·鲁肃传》说，当鲁肃说服孙权把江陵“借”给了刘备的时候，曹操得到消息正在写字，听到消息后“啪”，吓得笔落到地上去了。这个事情虽然见于正史，司马光认为不可能，司马光的《资治通鉴》考异里面说曹操不至于此，曹操不可能吓成这个样子，所以《资治通鉴》不采用这个说法，这个给大家也交待一下。
However, in the Eastern Wu Dynasty, he doesn’t understand it that way. His logic is that whoever strikes this place belongs to him, and Jiangling belongs to us, Zhou Yu. That’s ours. If you can use it, you can borrow it. So I think from the beginning, the two companies didn’t clarify the issue of borrowing. The Soochow side believed it was borrowing, while the Jingzhou side believed it was taking. Besides, even if it’s a loan, it’s also a tiger borrowing a pig, and Liu Bei never wanted to pay it back. Therefore, this word “borrowing” left behind or buried the foreshadowing of the breakdown of the alliance between Sun and Liu. Then, naturally, we come up with a question: Why is Sun Quan willing to “borrow”? Put a quotation mark on the word “borrow”. How could he be willing to “borrow”? The answer is four words: “The public rejects Cao Gong”, which is to jointly deal with Cao Cao. Therefore, according to the “Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms – Biography of Lu Su”, when Lu Su persuaded Sun Quan to “lend” the Jiangling to Liu Bei, Cao Cao received the news and was writing. Upon hearing the news, he “snapped”, causing his pen to fall to the ground. Although this matter has been seen in official history, Sima Guang believes it is impossible. In the textual research of Sima Guang’s “Zizhi Tongjian”, it is said that Cao Cao was not so scared, and Cao Cao could not have been so frightened. Therefore, this statement is not adopted in the “Zizhi Tongjian”, and I will also explain it to everyone.
＊在刘备向孙权提出“求都督荆州”后，也就是刘备向孙权提出他要南郡这个地方后，鲁肃为了孙刘联盟的大局，建议孙权把南郡这个地方让给刘备，孙权也同意了，这就是历史上鲁肃“借”荆州的故事。那么鲁肃“借”荆州的结果是什么呢？
＊通过易中天先生的讲述我们知道，孙刘联盟“蜜月期”是充满了阴谋的“蜜月期”，双方都把自己的政治利益放在最重要的位置。孙权嫁妹妹，既是出于巩固政治考虑，也有想带回刘禅做为人质的嫌疑；周瑜出狠招，干脆就把劫持人质的目标直接对准了刘备本人；而鲁肃“借”荆州，则是出于孙刘两家联盟共同抵抗曹操的打算。那么，鲁肃“借”荆州的结果是什么呢？
After Liu Bei proposed to Sun Quan that he “request the governor of Jingzhou”, that is, after Liu Bei proposed to Sun Quan that he want the place of Nanjun, Lu Su suggested that Sun Quan cede the place of Nanjun to Liu Bei for the sake of the overall situation of Sun Liu’s alliance, and Sun Quan also agreed. This is the story of Lu Su’s “borrowing” Jingzhou in history. So what was the result of Lu Su’s “borrowing” Jingzhou?
Through Mr. Yi Zhongtian’s account, we know that the “honeymoon period” of the Sun Liu alliance is a “honeymoon period” full of conspiracy, and both sides place their political interests in the most important position. Sun Quan’s marriage to his younger sister was motivated by both political considerations and the suspicion of taking Liu Chan back as a hostage; Zhou Yu resorted to ruthless tactics and simply targeted the hostage taking target directly at Liu Bei himself; Lu Su’s “borrowing” from Jingzhou was due to the intention of Sun and Liu’s alliance to jointly resist Cao Cao. So, what was the result of Lu Su’s “borrowing” Jingzhou?
是刘备得的便宜最大，他得到了一块战略要地，那么孙权有没有好处？孙权也有好处，没有好处他不干，他的好处是什么呢？他解除了后顾之忧。因为曹操如果再次南下的话，他还是要从江陵这边打过来，那么有刘备在那挡着，孙权就可以暂时喘一口气，他解决一些内部问题。因为他的南方也不太平，他还有很多事情要做，他腾出手来了。也就是说孙权打的主意，和我们上一集讲刘璋打的主意一样，是让刘备替他看家护院。可惜的是算盘人人会打，打发各有不同，刘璋有刘璋的算盘，孙权有孙权的算盘，刘备还有刘备的算盘呢。一通算盘打下来了，是刘璋赔得最惨，破产了，孙权也亏了，对不对，眼睁睁地看着刘备牧兼二州，就不但是荆州牧，同时还是益州牧，大大地壮大起来了。
It was Liu Bei who got the most cheaply, and he got a strategic location. Is there any advantage for Sun Quan? Sun Quan also has advantages. If there are no advantages, he won’t do it. What are his advantages? He relieved himself of his worries. “If Cao Cao goes south again, he still needs to fight from Jiangling. With Liu Bei in his way, Sun Quan can take a breather for a while and solve some internal problems.”. “Because his south is not peaceful, he still has a lot of work to do, and he has freed up his hands.”. That is to say, Sun Quan’s idea, like Liu Zhang’s idea in our last episode, was to have Liu Bei take care of his home and courtyard. Unfortunately, everyone can play the abacus, and there are different ways to send it. Liu Zhang has Liu Zhang’s abacus, Sun Quan has Sun Quan’s abacus, and Liu Bei also has Liu Bei’s abacus. After a thorough calculation, it was Liu Zhang who suffered the most. He went bankrupt, and Sun Quan also suffered. Right? Watching Liu Bei and his herdsman concurrently serve as the two prefectures, not only Jingzhou herdsman, but also Yizhou herdsman, grew greatly.
所以这个时候孙权就不干了，在建安二十年派诸葛亮的哥哥诸葛谨去向刘备讨还荆州，刘备的回答是这样的：哎呀，现在我正在打凉州的主意，等我把凉州打下来了我就把荆州还给你。孙权说这是什么话？这明明是赖皮嘛，凉州，天知道你凉州什么时候打下来！孙权说那不管，这个荆州是我的，下一道命令，往这个长沙、桂阳、零陵三郡派太守，派官员。这些官员拿着孙权的任命书就去上任了。这个时候荆州谁在管着呢？关羽，你想关羽是什么人，关羽听你的？关羽吃你这一套？关羽下道命令，把孙权派的这些官员都给我轰出去，又把他轰回去了。孙权勃然大怒，下令吕蒙率军两万进军长沙、桂阳、零陵三郡，鲁肃率兵一万进驻巴丘，和关羽摆开阵势，文的不来武的来。刘备这个时候在哪儿？在益州，刘备听到这个消息也知道这个事情不好，于是亲率精兵五万从益州回到公安，公安就是现在湖北的公安；然后命令关羽率军三万进军益阳，双方拉开架式，一场大战一触即发。
So Sun Quan quit at this time and sent Zhuge Jing, Zhuge Liang’s brother, to Liu Bei in the 20th year of Jian’an to beg for the return of Jingzhou. Liu Bei’s answer was, “Gee, now I’m thinking about Liangzhou, and when I get Liangzhou down, I’ll return Jingzhou to you.”. What did Sun Quan say? This is obviously a scam, Liangzhou. God knows when you will fight in Liangzhou! Sun Quan said that it doesn’t matter. This Jingzhou is mine. He issued an order to send officials to the three counties of Changsha, Guiyang, and Lingling. These officials took Sun Quan’s letter of appointment and went to take office. Who is in charge of Jingzhou at this time? Guan Yu, who do you think Guan Yu is? Guan Yu listens to you? Did Guan Yu eat your tricks? Guan Yu ordered me to send out all the officials sent by Sun Quan, and then sent him back. Sun Quan flew into a rage and ordered Lv Meng to lead his army of 20000 troops into the three counties of Changsha, Guiyang, and Lingling. Lu Su led his army of 10000 troops to settle in Bachu, and set up a position with Guan Yu. Wen’s troops did not come to fight. Where is Liu Bei at this time? In Yizhou, Liu Bei heard the news and knew it was not good, so he personally led 50000 elite soldiers from Yizhou to return to the public security, which is now the public security in Hubei; Then he ordered Guan Yu to lead his army of 30000 troops into Yiyang. The two sides opened their stance and a battle was imminent.
