除了耕田和读书以外，诸葛亮还有两个爱好，一个是抱膝长啸，一个是好为梁父吟。“长啸”是什么呢？长啸我估计是种导引之术，就是一口气从丹田提上来，从喉管里发出去；那么“梁父吟”呢？梁父吟原来是一种葬歌，葬礼上唱的歌，是比较悲凉的。那么我们可以想象一下诸葛亮在隆中的时候，一个身长八尺、二十多岁的年轻人在山林之间，坐在一块石头上，两个手抱住自己的膝盖，望着那山林，一声长啸，那是一种什么样的境界啊。我觉得在诸葛亮的啸和他的歌里面，体现了他博大的对人生、对社会的悲悯情怀，慷慨悲凉，它体现了诸葛亮对世事人生的深度关切。这就是典型的国士了，而且是无双国士，国士的特点是什么？我在讲《汉代风云人物》的时候讲过：以天下为己任，诸葛亮就是一个以天下为己任的人，一个有理想、有抱负、有志向的人。
In addition to farming and reading, Zhuge Liang also has two hobbies, one is to hold his knees and howl, the other is to sing for Liang’s father. What is “Changxiao”? “Changxiao, I believe, is a kind of guiding technique, which is to lift it up from the elixir field and send it out from the throat in one breath;”; What about “Liang Fu Yin”? “Liang Fu yin was originally a funeral song, and the song sung at the funeral was relatively sad.”. So we can imagine when Zhuge Liang was in Longzhong, a young man in his twenties and eight feet in length was sitting on a stone among the mountains and forests, holding his knees with both hands, looking at the mountains and forests with a loud roar. What kind of realm was that. I think in Zhuge Liang’s whistles and his songs, he embodies his broad compassion for life and society, his generosity and sadness, and it reflects Zhuge Liang’s deep concern for the world and life. This is a typical national scholar, and is an unparalleled national scholar. What are the characteristics of a national scholar? When I spoke about “The People of the Han Dynasty”, I said: “Taking the world as our own responsibility, Zhuge Liang is a person who takes the world as our own responsibility, a person with ideals, ambitions, and aspirations.”.
＊诸葛亮是一个无双国士。在隐居隆中时，他读书交友、静观天下之变，经过十年的艰苦磨砺，诸葛亮已经成为一名志向远大、学识渊博、见解独到的青年才俊。在诸葛亮的抱膝长啸里，易中天先生读出了诸葛亮悲天悯人的情怀，满腹经纶的诸葛亮不会安心待在隆中，他一定要寻找自己的用武之地。但是，仅仅凭借一腔热血就能成就大事吗？自比管仲、乐毅的诸葛亮是否有成就事业的能力和条件呢？
诸葛亮也有能力，他后来平治天下就是他能力的表现。那么他有条件没有呢？有。
“Zhuge Liang is a peerless scholar.”. During his seclusion in Longzhong, he studied and made friends, and watched the changes in the world. After ten years of hard work, Zhuge Liang has become a young talent with lofty aspirations, profound knowledge, and unique insights. In Zhuge Liang’s embrace of the knee and long roar, Mr. Yi Zhongtian read Zhuge Liang’s feelings of compassion for heaven and humanity. Zhuge Liang, who was full of knowledge, would not rest at ease in Longzhong, and he must find his own place to use. But can great things be achieved with just one cavity of enthusiasm? Does Zhuge Liang, who compared himself to Guan Zhong and Leyi, have the ability and conditions to achieve a career?
Zhuge Liang also had the ability, and his ability to rule the world peacefully was a manifestation of his ability. So does he have conditions? have
