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Tao Yuanming: If You Cannot Be a Farmer, At Least Think Like One: Part 1
Tao Yuanming If You Cannot Be a Farmer, At Least Think Like One: Part 1 劝农 悠 悠 上 古厥 初 生 民。傲 然 自 足抱 朴 含 真。 智 巧 既 荫资 待 靡 因。谁 其 赡 之?实 赖 哲 人。 哲 人 伊 何?时 维 后 稷。赡 之 伊 何?实 曰 播 殖。 舜 既 躬 耕禹 亦 稼 穑。远 若 周 典八 政 始 食。 熙 熙 令 德猗 猗 原 陆。卉 木 繁 荣和 风 清 穆。 纷 纷 士 女趋 时 竟 逐;桑 妇 宵 兴农 夫 野 宿。 Quan Nong You you shang guJue chu sheng min.Ao ran zi zuBao pu han zhen. Zhi qiao ji yinZi dai mi yin.Shei qi shan zhi?Shi lai zhe ren. Zhe ren yi he?Shi wei hou ji.Shan zhi yi he?Shi yue bo zhi. Shun ji gong gengYu yi jia se.Yuan ruo zhou dianBa zheng shi shi. Xi xi ling deYi yi yuan lu.Hui mu fan rongHe feng qing mu. Fen fen shi nuQu shi jing zhu;Sang fu xiao xingNong fu ye su. If You Cannot Be a Farmer, Then At Least Think Like One: Part 1 Very remote in the ancient pastAt the beginning of Man’s existence.Naturally proud…... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming: Instructions For My Son: Part 3
Tao Yuanming Instructions For My Son: Part 3 命子 嗟 余 寡 陋瞻 望 弗 及。顾 惭 华 鬓负 影 只 立。 三 千 之 罪无 后 为 急。我 诚 念 哉呱 闻 尔 泣。 卜 云 嘉 日占 亦 良 时。名 汝 曰 俨字 汝 求 思。 温 恭 朝 夕念 兹 在 兹。尚 想 孔 伋庶 其 企 而。 厉 夜 生 子遽 而 求 火。凡 百 有 心奚 特 于 我? 既 见 其 生实 欲 其 可。人 亦 有 言斯 情 无 假。 日 居 月 诸渐 免 于 孩。福 不 虚 至祸 亦 易 来。 夙 兴 夜 寐愿 尔 斯 才。尔 之 不 才亦 已 焉 哉! Ming Zi Jie yu gua louZhan wang fu ji.Gu can hua binFu ying zhi li. San qian zhi zuiWu hou wei ji.Wo cheng nian zaiGua wen er qi. Bu yun jia riZhan yi liang shi.Ming ru yue yanZi ru qiu si. Wen gong zhao xiNian zi zai zi.Shang xiang kong jiShu qi qi er. Li ye sheng ziJu er qiu huo.Fan bai you xinXi te yu wo? Ji jian qi shengShi yu qi ke.Ren yi you yanSi qing wu jia. Ri ju yue zhuJian mian yu hai.Fu…... lovingchinese- 0
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Tao Yuanming: Instructions For My Son: Part 2
Tao Yuanming Instructions For My Son: Part 2 命子 浑 浑 长 源蔚 蔚 洪 柯。群 川 载 导众 条 载 罗。 时 有 语 默运 因 隆 窊。在 我 中 晋业 融 长 沙。 桓 桓 长 沙伊 勋 伊 德。天 子 畴 我专 征 南 国。 功 遂 辞 归临 宠 不 忒。孰 谓 斯 心而 近 可 得? 肃 矣 我 祖慎 终 如 始。直 方 二 台惠 和 千 里。 於 皇 仁 考淡 焉 虚 止。寄 迹 风 云冥 兹 愠 喜。 Ming Zi Hun hun chang yuanWei wei hong ke.Qun chuan zai daoZhong tiao zai luo. Shi you yu moYun yin long wa.Zai wo zhong jinYe rong chang sha. Huan huan chang shaYi xun yi de.Tian zi chou woZhuan zheng nan guo. Gong sui ci guiLin chong bu te.Shu wei si xinEr jin ke de? Su yi wo zuShen zhong ru shi.Zhi fang er taiHui he qian li. Wu huang ren kaoDan yan xu zhi.Ji ji feng yunMing zi yun xi. Instructions For My Son: Part 2 Like a river flowing deep and fast, far from its sourceOur family a large, vast stand of dense and colorful trees.A group of rivers filled with many…... lovingchinese- 0
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Tao Yuanming: Instructions For My Son: Part 1
Tao Yuanming Instructions For My Son: Part 1 命子 悠 悠 我 祖爰 自 陶 唐。邈 焉 虞 宾历 世 重 光。 御 龙 勤 夏豕 韦 翼 商。穆 穆 司 徒厥 族 以 昌。 纷 纷 战 国漠 漠 衰 周。凤 隐 于 林幽 人 在 邱。 逸 虬 绕 云奔 鲸 骇 流。天 集 有 汉眷 予 愍 侯。 於 赫 愍 侯远 当 攀 龙。抚 剑 风 迈显 兹 武 功。 书 誓 山 河启 士 开 封。斖 斖 丞 相允 迪 前 踪。 Ming Zi You you wo zuYuan zi tao tang.Miao yan yu binLi shi chong guang. Yu long qin xiaShi wei yi shang.Mu mu si tuJue zu yi chang. Fen fen zhan guoMo mo shuai zhou.Feng yin yu linYou ren zai qiu. Yi qiu rao yunBen jing hai liu.Tian ji you hanJuan yu min hou. Wu he min houYuan dang pan long.Fu jian feng maiXian zi wu gong. Shu shi shan heQi shi kai feng.Wei wei cheng xiangYun di qian zong. Instructions for My Son: Part 1 Our ancestors go way back in time and breadthOriginally from Shandong, they migrated to the city of Tang in Hubei.They followed the fortunes of the Shun clan…... -
Tao Yuanming Poems: An Elegy for Myself (I) – 陶渊明《拟挽歌辞 (三首其一)》
Tao Yuanming 拟挽歌辞 (三首其一) 有生必有死,早终非命促。 昨暮同为人,今旦在鬼录。 魂气散何之?枯形寄空木。 娇儿索[1]父啼,良友抚我哭。 得失不复知,是非安能觉? 千秋万岁后,谁知荣与辱。 但恨在世时,饮酒不得足。 陶渊明一生究竟是只活了五十几岁,还是活到63岁,至今都有争议,因此这一组自挽的诗是否是诗人临终前绝笔也就有了分歧。“有生必有死,早终非命促”指人有生必有死,即使死得早也不算短命。这一句体现诗人对生死观的中心思想,虽看似平淡却实有至理。“得失不复知,是非安能觉”,死去就不知道得与失了,哪还会有是非之感?诗人对人生的感悟是人死后一了百了,再无知觉,不如在世的时候多喝几杯酒,体现出诗人旷达的人生态度。“但恨在世时,饮酒不得足”指只恨今生在世时,饮酒不足太遗憾,最后以幽默诙谐的诗句写出肺腑之言。 注释: [1]索:寻找。 An Elegy for Myself (I) Where there is life, there must be death; In due time we’ll breathe our last breath. Last night we lived and filled our posts; Today my name’s among the ghosts. Where is my soul fled far away? But shriveled forms in coffin stay. My children miss their father, crying; My friends caress my body, sighing. For gain or loss I no more care; Right or wrong is not my affair. Thousands of years will pass away, And shame and glory of today. But I regret, while living still, I have not drunk wine to my fill.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: A Poor Scholar (I) – 陶渊明《咏贫士 (七首其一)》
Tao Yuanming 咏贫士 (七首其一) 万族[1]各有托,孤云独无依。 暧暧[2]空中灭,何时见馀晖。 朝霞开宿雾,众鸟相与飞。 迟迟出林翮[3],未夕复来归。 量力守故辙,岂不寒与饥? 知音苟不存,已矣何所悲。 该首诗通过对古代贫士的歌咏,表现了诗人安贫守志、不慕名利的情怀。诗旨在最后4句的抒情,而可堪玩味的是前两层的景语。“万族各有托,孤云独无依”指万物各自都有依靠,高洁的贫士漂泊孤独没有依靠。诗人自喻为高洁的贫士,象征着诗人孤独无依的处境和命运。“众鸟相与飞”指众鸟匆匆结伴飞,暗喻众多趋炎附势之人依附新宋政权。“知音苟不存,已矣何所悲”指既然世上无知音,在贫困中终此一生,也没有什么可悲伤的,表现出诗人守志不阿的高洁志趣。 注释: [1]万族:世间万物。族:类。 [2]暧暧:昏昏暗暗的样子。 [3]翮(hé):指鸟类翅膀。 A Poor Scholar (I) Every thing has its resting place; Alone the cloud’s drifting in vain. Melting in air, it leaves no trace. When can we see its glow again? Morning clouds rise from mist of night, All birds fly to welcome the day. One in the woods is late in flight But early on its homeward way. I’ll keep to beaten track of yore, Though from hunger and thirst not free. There’re no connoisseurs any more. Why should poverty sadden me?... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Abstinence – 陶渊明《止酒》
"Abstinence" is a five-line poem written by Tao Yuanming, a literary scholar during his leisure time in Jin and Song dynasties.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Blaming Sons – 陶渊明《责子》
The poem "Blaming Sons" is a five-line poem written by Tao Yuanming, a poet of the late Jin and early Song dynasties.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Old Styled Verse (III) – 陶渊明《拟古 (九首其三)》
Tao Yuanming 拟古 (九首其三) 仲春遘[1]时雨,始雷发东隅。 众蜇各潜骇,草木纵横舒。 翩翩新来燕,双双入我庐。 先巢故尚在,相将还旧居。 自从分别来,门庭日荒芜。 我心固匪石,君情定何如? 公元421年,陶渊明57岁。那时离刘裕废晋恭帝司马德文不久,诗人虽隐居多年,但对晋恭帝被废以及晋王朝覆灭心存痛惜和哀惋之情。这组诗共9首,多为忧国忧时、寄托感慨之作,多有托古讽今之词。 “仲春遘时雨,始雷发东隅”指二月喜逢春时雨,春雷阵阵发东边。说明新的一年又开始了,以描写季节的变化,草木自由生长、春燕返旧巢,表现诗人不因贫穷而改变隐居的志向,同时也暗喻对晋室为刘宋所取代而产生的愤慨。“我心固匪石,君情定何如”指我心坚定不改变,君意未知将何如,喻指诗人故国之思的信念坚定,不可动摇,蕴藏着一种极严肃的人生态度,极坚卓的品节。 注释: [1]遘(ɡòu):遇上,遇见。 Old Styled Verse (III) A happy rain in good time falls; The first thunder from the east rolls. Worms are awakened in mid-spring; Grasses and plants begin to grow. Swallows coming back wing to wing Reenter my hut two by two. “Your old nest is still on the beam Where you may renew your dream. Since you parted with me last year, My yard lies waste now and again. My heart is firm as rocks appear. Do you feel the same now and then?”... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems (I) – 陶渊明《杂诗 (八首其一)》
Tao Yuanming 杂诗 (八首其一) 人生无根蒂,飘如陌上尘。 分散逐风转,此已非常身[1]。 落地为兄弟,何必骨肉亲! 得欢当作乐,斗酒聚比邻。 盛年不重来,一日难再晨。 及时[2]当勉励,岁月不待人。 本诗作于公元414年,陶渊明50岁,距其辞官归田已有8年。因时代思潮和家庭环境的影响,使陶渊明接受了儒家和道家两种不同的思想,培养了“猛志逸四海”和“性本爱丘山”的两种不同的志趣。 “人生无根蒂,飘如陌上尘”是说人生在世没有根蒂,漂泊如路上的尘土。诗人感叹人生命运不可把握,不免使人有些伤感。“斗酒聚比邻”是说遇到高兴的事就应当作乐,有酒就要邀请近邻共饮。诗人不同于寻常之人屈服于世事,而是执着地在生活中追求温暖的朋友之爱,并崇尚快乐。“及时当勉励,岁月不待人”是说应当趁年富力强之时勉励自己,光阴流逝不等人,诗人以此来警示世人。 注释: [1]非常身:不是永恒的身体,即不是盛壮年之身。 [2]及时:趁着年轻的时候。 Miscellaneous Poems (I) A man is rootless in his day, Floating like dust along the way. Blown east and west, no longer am I Still the same as in days gone by. When born, I may be called your brother, why then should we not love each other? Let us enjoy when days are fine, Call neighbors out to drink our wine! The prime of our life won’t come twice; Each day can’t have two mornings nice. I urge you to rise with the sun, For time and tide will wait for none.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (XIV) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其十四)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其十四) 故人赏我趣,挈壶相与至。 班荆[1]坐松下,数斟已复醉。 父老杂乱言,觞酌失行次。 不觉知有我,安知物为贵? 悠悠[2]迷所留,酒中有深味。 陶渊明在偏僻山村,没有世俗侵扰,时常醉酒之后反而诗兴大发,胡乱扯出一张纸,书写感慨,等到第二天清醒后,再修改润色。“故人赏我趣,挈壶相与至”指老友赏识我的志趣,相约携酒到一起。诗中显现的是乡间独有的纯朴之情,使人会意到来的都是淳厚质朴之人。“不觉知有我,安知物为贵”指已经不觉世上有我在,身外之物又有什么可值得珍惜的,表现诗人醉意中的忘我之境,有点人与自然融合的味道了。“酒中有深味”指诗人从酒中体味出深意,话有说完的时候但其意却无穷,表现了诗人高洁傲岸的道德情操和安贫乐道的生活情趣。 注释: [1]班荆:把荆条铺在地上。 [2]悠悠:醉酒后迷迷糊糊的样子。 Wine-drinking Song (XIV) Old friends who know my love of wine Come, bottle in hand, to see me. We sit on bushes beneath the pine, After a few rounds drunk are we. All at once old men chat away; Out of tune we pass round the cup. We don’t know who we are today. Can we value what’s down or up? Long, long we are lost in the drink; In the delight of wine we sink.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Return to Nature (V) – 陶渊明《归园田居 (五首其五)》
Tao Yuanming 归园田居 (五首其五) 怅恨独策还,崎岖历榛曲。 山涧清且浅,可以濯吾足。 漉[1]我新熟酒,只鸡招近局[2]。 日入室中暗,荆薪代明烛。 欢来苦夕短,已复至天旭。 这首诗以一天耕作完毕之后,回家的路上和到家之后的活动作为描写对象,来反映“归园田居”后的另一个生活侧面。“怅恨独策还,崎岖历榛曲”指诗人怀着怅恨情拄杖回家,崎岖的小路上长满荆榛,暗指当时社会动荡不安所致道路的荒凉和艰难。“濯吾足”指清洗沾染尘埃的双脚,表明归隐之志坚持不改之意。之后诗人备好自酿新熟酒,自饲之家鸡,邀上邻友共酌共饮,即觉足矣,这正是诗人欢喜的淳朴的农家生活。“欢来苦夕短,已复至天旭”,诗人兴致难尽,直至旭日渐升天方肯作罢,诗人以寄其高远之志,抒其胸中超然之情。 注释: [1]漉:过滤。 [2]近局:邻居。 Return to Nature (V) Melancholy, I come back, staff in hand, Going alone the rugged bushy way. In mountain crooks shallow and clear I stand And wash my feet where a moment I stay. At home I strain my newly-ripened wine, Cook a chicken and with neighbors share it. My room turns dark when there’s no more sunshine, Branches are burned instead of candle lit. So joyful we’re that we find short the night; Soon in the east we see the first sunlight.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems (V) – 陶渊明《杂诗 (八首其五)》
Tao Yuanming 杂诗 (八首其五) 忆我少壮时,无乐自欣豫。 猛志逸[1]四海[2],骞翮[3]思远翥[4]。 荏苒[5]岁月颓[6],此心稍已去。 值欢无复娱,每每多忧虑。 气力渐衰损,转觉日不如。 壑舟无须臾[7],引我不得住。 前途当几许?未知止泊处。 古人惜寸阴,念此使人惧。 “忆我少壮时,无乐自欣豫。”是说回忆自己年轻时虽没有遇上快乐的事情,但心里也会自然地充满欢喜。意指诗人少壮时积极向上的生命状态。“荏苒岁月颓,此心稍已去”是说随着时光流逝,那雄心壮志也渐渐离开自己,意指此时诗人的人生体验以及生命多了些忧患。“壑舟无须臾,引我不得住”意指自然在变化中,生命衰老也亦是如此。“未知止泊处”是说不知道生命的归宿在何处,意指诗人因志业未成而产生的隐忧,生命价值还没有实现。最后提出生命的价值就是在每寸光阴之中所实现的,诗人念到此处便觉警惧,说明诗人依然存有奋发之心。 注释: [1]逸:超越,超过。 [2]四海:天下。 [3]骞(qiān)翮(hé):展翅翱翔。 [4]翥(zhù):飞翔。 [5]荏(rěn)苒(rǎn):慢慢地过去。 [6]颓:流走,逝去。 [7]须臾:片刻,一会儿。 Miscellaneous Poems (V) I still remember in my prime I could be happy in sad time. Over the four seas I aimed high; Spreading my wing I dreamed to fly. But youthful days passed and grew old, My zeal for life as soon turned cold. Delightful things were not enjoyed; Worries and cares often annoyed. I feel my youthful strength no more, Each day not as the day before. Time like a stream will pass away; And leads me on without delay. How far ahead should I still float? I know not where to moor my boat. The ancients had no time to waste. How can late-comers make no haste?... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems (VI) – 陶渊明《杂诗 (八首其六)》
Tao Yuanming 杂诗 (八首其六) 昔闻长者言,掩耳每不喜。 奈何五十年,忽已亲此事。 求我盛年欢,一毫无复意。 去去[1]转欲速,此生岂再值! 倾家持作乐,竟[2]此岁月驶。 有子不留金[3],何用身后置[4]! 这首诗以盛年之欢同眼下状况相比较,深感岁月不饶人,且所剩时光不多,此生难再,当及时行乐。“昔闻长者言,掩耳每不喜”是说以前听老人回忆往事,常常不喜欢听将耳朵捂起来,意指小时候无忧无虑不会考虑到人生易老。下面写到诗人50岁的时候,亲自将此事经历一番,真切地感受到昔日长者们说的人生易老、亲故凋零的无奈。然而光阴匆匆再也没有当年那样欢乐的心境了;转而诗人又呈现豁达心境。“有子不留金,何用身后置”是说没有为子孙留下金钱,就更不必为自己死后再去经营了,意指留财不如留德,同时诗人感到自己时日无多了,此生可能难再追求及时行乐的生活了,亦表达了诗人坦然的心境。 注释: [1]去去:时光流逝。 [2]竟:了结,结束。 [3]有子不留金:《汉书·疏广传》载:疏广官至太傅,后辞官归故里,挥金如土宴请宾朋,别人劝他留些钱为子孙置田产,他说:“吾岂老悻不念子孙哉!顾自有旧田庐,令子孙勤力其中,足以供衣食,与凡人齐。今复增益之以为赢余,但教子孙怠堕耳。贤而多财,则损其志;愚而多财,则益其过。且夫富者,众人之怨也;吾既亡以教化子孙,不欲益其过而生怨。” [4]置:置办,经营。 Miscellaneous Poems (VI) When elders talked of bygone years, Displeased, I would shut up my ears. But fifty years have gone by now, And time writes wrinkles on my brow. I would recall youthful delight, But I can find no pleasure slight. Far, far away are bygone days. Could I relive in olden ways? To drink my fill I’d spare no gold; I would keep pace with days grown old. I’d leave no money for my sons; There’s no need if they’re worthy ones.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems (VII) – 陶渊明《杂诗 (八首其七)》
Tao Yuanming 杂诗 (八首其七) 日月不肯迟,四时相催迫。 寒风拂枯条,落叶掩长陌。 弱质与运颓,玄鬓早已白。 素标插人头,前渐就窄。 家为逆[1]旅舍,我如当去客。 去去欲何之?南山有旧宅[2]。 这首诗写的是诗人自叹衰老,虽行将就木,然而诗人却能以视死如归的态度对待人生,表现出其不喜不惧的达观境界。“日月不肯迟,四时相催迫”是说日月如梭从不缓慢,四季互相催促从不停步。诗人感叹时光飞逝。“弱质与运颓,玄鬓早已白”是说体质在减损消耗,而黑发也已变成满头的白发,诗人是在说自己的身体和志向都不佳,话中尽显伤感之情。“去去欲何之?南山有旧宅”是说前行将要去何方,南山(庐山)陶氏的墓地。意指诗人道出了死后的去处,落叶归根、永归于本宅陶氏墓地。 注释: [1]逆:欢迎。 [2]旧宅:祖宗的坟墓。 Miscellaneous Poems (VII) The sun and moon will not slow doom; Four seasons press each other on. The chilly wind strips trees away; Fallen leaves strewn along the way. My health turns weak with worsened fate; My black hair has whitened of late. Of age my head bears the pale sign, My forward way on the decline. My home becomes an inn for rest; The dweller’s rather like a guest. Oh, where, oh, where can I still go? To the graveyard ’neath southern hill.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Miscellaneous Poems (VIII) – 陶渊明《杂诗 (八首其八)》
Tao Yuanming 杂诗 (八首其八) 代耕本非望,所业在田桑。 躬耕未曾替,寒馁常糟糠。 岂期过满腹,但愿饱粳粮。 御冬足大布,粗絺[1]以应阳。 正尔不能得,哀哉亦可伤! 人皆尽获宜,拙生失其方。 理也可奈何,且为陶一觞。 这首诗中,诗人自言努力躬耕,却常常饥寒交迫,只能依靠糟糠充饥、粗布御寒,勉强度日。顾念自身如此勤苦,而他人皆有所得,于理实在不通。无可奈何,只有借酒浇愁抚慰内心的愤愤不平。“代耕本非望,所业在田桑”是做官食俸禄非我所愿,耕种田地、植桑养蚕才是本行,意指诗人对当时仕途的厌恶,以及归田的决心。接下来写到诗人亲自参加农业劳动且未曾停止,因饥寒常吃粗劣的食物,说明诗人不善耕种。“但愿饱粳粮”是说但愿饱食吃细粮。意指诗人当前窘困的生活使其无奈且充满哀伤。“且为陶一觞”是说还是举杯痛饮将忧愁忘记吧,意指诗人即使饥寒交迫也不愿出仕,体现诗人孤傲高洁的品质及达观的心态。 注释: [1]粗絺(chī):粗糙的葛布。 Miscellaneous Poems (VIII) I do not hope to earn good wages; To do farm work is all my due. My folks have tilled the field for ages; Hunger and cold are nothing new. I never ask more than enough, Satisfied with chaff and plain food, Clad in winter clothes of poor stuff And in summer garment not so good. I cannot meet my humble need. How sad to say with broken heart! Others may thrive in word or deed, I can’t earn a living apart. What can I do and how can I Drown my grief but drink my cup dry!... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Drinking Alone on Rainy Nights – 陶渊明《连雨独饮》
The poem "Drinking Alone on Rainy Nights" is a poem by Tao Yuanming, a great poet of the Jin and Song dynasties.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Moving House (I) – 陶渊明《移居 (二首其一)》
Tao Yuanming 移居 (二首其一) 昔欲居南村,非为卜其宅。 闻多素心人,乐与数晨夕。 怀此颇有年,今日从兹役。 弊庐何必广,取足蔽床席。 邻曲时时来,抗言[1]谈在昔。 奇文共欣赏,疑义相与析。 因两年前的六月,诗人在上京之居遭遇火灾,房屋焚毁。公元410年九月后,又迁居南村,实现了他向往已久的愿望。当时诗人46岁,这首诗是这次迁居后的抒怀之作。“昔欲居南村”指诗人很早之前就想到南村居住了,后面写出了因那里的人纯朴,为此想要迁居的原因。“奇文共欣赏,疑义相与析”指美妙的文章可以共同欣赏,疑难问题可以互相分析,表达了诗人迁居后的乐趣,写出个人美好的理想同时,也曲折地暴露了当时社会政治的黑暗,体现诗人洁身自好,不与腐朽的统治者同流合污。 注释: [1]抗言:直言。抗:同“亢”,高的意思。 Moving House (I) In Southern Village I would dwell, Not that the house there augurs well, But people live in simple ways, With whom I’m glad to pass my days. For years I’ve cherished this ideal; Today it becomes true and real. Why should I need a spacious flat But room enough for bed and mat? My neighbors may call now or then, And talk of olden days and men. We’ll read good writings we enjoy And solve the questions which annoy.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (I) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其一)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其一) 哀荣无定在,彼此更共之。 邵生[1]瓜田中,宁似东陵时? 寒暑有代谢,人道每如兹。 达人[2]解其会[3],逝[4]将不复疑。 忽[5]与一觞酒,日夕欢相持。 公元416年,刘裕调集全国的兵力,从东向西,分五路讨伐后秦。刘裕通过北伐,极大扩大了他个人的权力。朝廷为了讨好刘裕,可谓想要什么朝廷就给什么。陶渊明早就看透,东晋的气数已尽,刘裕篡位只是迟早的事,诗人整天为这件事悲伤郁闷,后又想一切都在发展变化中,为这些事烦恼也没有用,还是多喝点酒,好好睡一觉吧,于是就有了《饮酒》这组诗。这组诗非一时之作,从诗中有关景物环境的描写来看,这组诗大约是写于同一年的秋冬之际。诗人多方面地反映了自己的生活、思想、志趣与情操。 “衰荣无定在,彼此更共之”指衰落与荣盛不是固定的,双方是不断变更互相转化的,比喻人生的衰与盛、祸与福。“寒暑有代谢,人道每如兹”指寒来暑往有更替变化,人生也是如此。道出人生的道理和规律。 注释: [1]邵生:邵平,秦朝的时候是东陵侯,秦朝灭亡了成了平民,因家贫而在长安城东种瓜。 [2]达人:通达事理的人。 [3]会:道理的所在。 [4]逝:逝去,离开,这里指归隐田园。 [5]忽:快快地。 Wine-drinking Song (I) All men who rise will then decline, Such is your fate as well as mine. The melon-grower in the field Was noble lord who would not yield. Winter replaces summer days, Such is the world and all men’s ways. The wise men who find the truth out, Will not again put it in doubt. Fill our cups of wine with delight, Be intoxicated day and night!... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (IV) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其四)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其四) 栖栖失林鸟,日暮犹独飞。 徘徊无定止,夜夜声转悲。 厉响思清远,去来何所依? 因值[1]孤生松,敛翮遥来归。 劲风无荣木,此荫独不衰。 托身已得所,千载不相违。 “栖栖失群鸟,日暮犹独飞”指黄昏时一只离群的鸟还在独自飞翔,形单影只,诗人用飞鸟比喻自己前半生的栖栖惶惶,暗喻自己从误落尘网到归隐田居的过程,及对现实的不满与对远离尘嚣的田园生活。“托身已得所,千载不相违”指既然得到了寄身之处,便永远相依不违弃。“因植孤生松”,诗人以孤松比喻自己的归隐之所来表达自己矢志不渝的心念。 注释: [1]值:遇到。 Wine-drinking Song (IV) A lonely, dreary bird astray Still flies near the end of the day. It hovers here and there, its cries Have darkened night and saddened skies. Is it longing for morning clear Or a resting tree far or near? Seeing a pine of towering height, Folding its wings, it will alight. No tree can stand a furious blast, Which this shady pine can outlast. The bird has found on it a nest, For a long time here it will rest.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (VII) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其七)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其七) 秋菊有佳色,[1]露掇其英[2]。 泛此忘忧物,远我遗世情。 一觞虽独进,杯尽壶自倾。 日入群动[3]息,归鸟趋林鸣。 啸傲东轩下,聊复得此生。 在百花早已凋谢的秋季,唯有菊花不为严霜粲然独放,寓意着诗人志趣高洁。“泛此忘忧物,远我遗世情”指菊泡酒中味更美,避俗之情更深浓,表现了诗人处在优美环境中的乐趣、闲适的心情和不愿与世俗为伍的感想。“啸傲东轩下,聊复得此生”指歌咏自得于东窗下,姑且逍遥度此生,表现出诗人壮志难酬的憾恨,并非一味悠然陶然,实际蕴藏着深沉的感伤,亦表达了他隐居终生的决心。 注释: [1]裛(yì):通“浥”,沾湿。 [2]英:花。 [3]群动:各种动物。 Wine-drinking Song (VII) Lovely chrysanthemums have autumn hue, I pluck their fresh petals impearled with dew. Dew-sweetened wine would drive sorrow away. How could worldly cares in my heart still stay! Although I drink with no one by my side, Wine pours out from the pot when cup is dried. All the bustle sinks with the sinking sun, Birds flying to the woods sing on the run. Proudly I croon in eastern corridor, Glad to find a nearly lost day once more.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (VIII)- 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其八)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其八) 青松在东园,众草没其姿。 凝霜殄[1]异类[2],卓然见高枝。 连林人不觉,独树众乃奇。 提壶抚寒柯,远望时复为。 吾生梦幻间,何事绁[3]尘羁! “青松在东园,众草没其姿”说的是青翠的松树生长在东园里,荒草埋没了它的身姿,暗喻诗人当前的孤独。而“卓然见高枝”又表现青松凌寒挺立孤高的品格,意在做人应当像孤松一样,不应苟合于世俗,随波逐流。诗人喜爱这青松,便将酒壶挂在松枝之上,流连于松树之下,也常从远处来瞻望青松的卓然高节,以滋养自己的精神境界。“吾生梦幻间,何事绁尘羁”指感叹自己这一生好像在梦幻里,岂能被尘俗的羁绊拘牵,寓意人生之短暂,生命之珍惜。 注释: [1]殄(tiǎn):杀尽,灭尽。 [2]异类:指杂草。 [3]绁(xiè):牵绊。 Wine-drinking Song (VIII) In eastern garden stands a pine-tree green, Its beauty veiled by shrubs cannot be seen. When other plants are withered in hoar frost, We find its lofty branch which seems long lost. No trees in the woods can attract the eye, We marvel at the single pine so high. I stroke its wintry bough, wine pot in hand, And gaze afar, lost in the wonderland. Life changes from lost illusion to vain dreams, Why should be drowned in eventful streams?... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (IX) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其九)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其九) 清晨闻叩门,倒裳往自开。 问子为谁欤,田父有好怀[1]。 壶浆远见候,疑我与时乖[2]。 褴褛茅檐下,未足[3]为高栖。 一世皆尚同[4],愿君汩[5]其泥。 深感父老言,禀气寡所谐。 纡辔[6]诚可学,违己讵非迷? 且共欢此饮,吾驾不可回。 “清晨闻叩门,倒裳往自开”指清早就听到敲门声,来不及整理好衣服就去开门了,表现出是在自然而融洽的气氛中。“壶浆远见候”指提着酒壶远道来探望,意为善良的老农劝告诗人姑且与世人同沉浮,不要独清。“深感父老言,禀气寡所谐”指深深地感谢父老言,无奈天生不合群,只得委婉地拒绝,表现出诗人不愿违背自己的初衷而随世浮沉,并一再决心要保持高洁的志向、隐逸避世、远离尘俗。 注释: [1]好怀:热心肠,好心肠。 [2]乖:背离,违背。 [3]足:值得 [4]尚同:同流合污。 [5]汨:搅乱,弄混。 [6]纡(yū)辔(pèi):把车倒回去。 Wine-drinking Song (IX) Hearing a knock at dawn while still at rest, I got up to open, not yet half dressed. Asking the early comer, “Who are you?” I saw a smiling farmer come in view. He came to see me with a pot of wine, Doubting if worldly offer I’d decline. “You live in rags under a thatched roof. But how can your cottage be riches-proof? Since all the world is drifting with the tide, Could you alone stand aloft and aside?” I thank the farmer for his kind advice, But it’s my freedom I won’t sacrifice. Though I may learn to go official way, To do against my will, can I not stray? Let us rejoice at drinking the cup dry! I won’t go backward as the days go by.... Amico- 0
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Tao Yuanming Poems: Wine-drinking Song (XI) – 陶渊明《饮酒 (二十首其十一)》
Tao Yuanming 饮酒 (二十首其十一) 颜生称为仁,荣公言有道。 屡空[1]不获年[2],长饥至于老。 虽留身后名,一生亦枯槁。 死去何所知,称心固为好。 客[3]养千金躯,临化消其宝。 裸葬何必恶,人当解意表。 “颜生称为仁,荣公言有道”指人称颜回是仁者,又说荣公有道心,而颜回穷困并且短命,荣公挨饿至终身,虽然留名百世,但一生却憔悴甚至清贫,死后什么也不知道了,应在生前称心自任。诗人通过对人生的思考,表达了其人生观与处世态度。诗人认为,那种为追求身后的名声而固穷守节、苦己身心的行为是不值得的;同样,那种为希望能得到长寿而认真保养贵体的行为也是不值得的。诗人主张人生当称心适意,不必有所顾忌,在当今时代亦不必有所追求。“人当解意表”指返归自然才是真,尽显真意。 注释: [1]屡空:指颜回生活穷困。 [2]年:长寿。 [3]客:人生如过客,引申为人生短暂。 Wine-drinking Song (XI) Yan[1] was wise in his day; Rong[2] knew to go his way. But Yan did not live long, Rong was poor all along. They had posthumous fame. What’s the use of vain name? Did they know after death How to enjoy their breath? Value your body high! It’s no use when you die. Better buried unclad, If people felt less sad. 注释: [1]Yan and Rong were disciples of Confucius. [2]Yan and Rong were disciples of Confucius.... Amico- 0
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